---
title: taxonomic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «taxonomic» in the school dictionary: Taxonomic means to do with sorting living things into named groups, such as kingdom, family, genus and species. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# taxonomic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Taxonomic, it, Lions, class, we, Species · **What happens:** mean, do, sort, live, name, group · **To what, where:** things, named groups, same taxonomic family, taxonomic key, minibeasts, smallest main taxonomic rank · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«taxonomic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [taxonomic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/taxonomic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taxonomic means to do with sorting living things into named groups, such as kingdom, family, genus and species.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:m1:1
# text = Taxonomic means to do with sorting living things into named groups, such as kingdom, family, genus and species.
1	Taxonomic	Taxonomic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
5	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sorting	sort	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	genus	genu	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	appos	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Taxonomic |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sort** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **live** | gerund |  | things |  | named groups and kingdom and family |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme thing=Location |
| 5 | **name** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
More broadly, it means to do with any careful system of naming and grouping things.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:m2:1
# text = More broadly, it means to do with any careful system of naming and grouping things.
1	More	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
2	broadly	broadly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
10	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	naming	naming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	grouping	group	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
16	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | it |  |  |  |  | broadly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with any careful system of naming | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **group** | gerund |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lions and tigers are in the same taxonomic family, the cat family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x1:1
# text = Lions and tigers are in the same taxonomic family, the cat family.
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	tigers	tiger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Lions and tigers |  |  | the same taxonomic family and the cat family |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class made a taxonomic key to sort the minibeasts we found.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x2:1
# text = Our class made a taxonomic key to sort the minibeasts we found.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	sort	sort	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	minibeasts	minibeast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Our class | a taxonomic key |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset key=Product |
| 2 | **sort** | to-infinitive | Our class *not said here* | the minibeasts |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minibeast=Theme |
| 3 | **find** | past | we | the minibeasts *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minibeast=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Species is the smallest main taxonomic rank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x3:1
# text = Species is the smallest main taxonomic rank.
1	Species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
5	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Species | the smallest main taxonomic rank |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists argued about the taxonomic place of the giant panda for years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x4:1
# text = Scientists argued about the taxonomic place of the giant panda for years.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	argued	argue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	panda	panda	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | past | Scientists |  |  |  | year | about the taxonomic place of the giant panda | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about place=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A taxonomic name is usually written in Latin, like Homo sapiens.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x5:1
# text = A taxonomic name is usually written in Latin, like Homo sapiens.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Latin	Latin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Homo	Homo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	sapiens	sapien	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present · passive |  | a taxonomic name |  | Latin |  | like Homo sapiens; usually *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in latin=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum labels show each fossil's taxonomic group.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x6:1
# text = The museum labels show each fossil's taxonomic group.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	labels	label	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	fossil	fossil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the museum labels | each fossil's taxonomic group |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent group=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The library uses a kind of taxonomic system to sort books by subject.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:taxonomic:x7:1
# text = The library uses a kind of taxonomic system to sort books by subject.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	taxonomic	taxonomic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	sort	sort	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
11	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the library | a kind of taxonomic system |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Patient |
| 2 | **sort** | to-infinitive | the library *not said here* | books |  |  |  | by subject | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |

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