---
title: telegram — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «telegram» in the school dictionary: A telegram is a short written message sent by wire or radio, once paid for by the word. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/telegram/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [T](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/) / telegram

# telegram

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** telegram, postman, Grandad · **What happens:** write, be, send, pay for, bring, say · **To what, where:** short written message, telegram, film telegram · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«telegram» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [telegram in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/telegram.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A telegram is a short written message sent by wire or radio, once paid for by the word.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:telegram:m1:1
# text = A telegram is a short written message sent by wire or radio, once paid for by the word.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	telegram	telegram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wire	wire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	15	advmod	_	_
15	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a telegram | a short written message |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **send** | participle |  | a short written message *not said here* |  |  |  | by wire or radio | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pay for** | participle |  | a short written message *not said here* |  |  |  | by the word; once *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The postman brought a telegram.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:telegram:x1:1
# text = The postman brought a telegram.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	postman	postman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	telegram	telegram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | the postman | a telegram |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent telegram=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The telegram said Grandad was ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:telegram:x2:1
# text = The telegram said Grandad was ill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	telegram	telegram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the telegram |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Grandad |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old film a telegram arrived with bad news.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:telegram:x3:1
# text = In the old film a telegram arrived with bad news.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	telegram	telegram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | participle |  | a film telegram *not said here* |  |  |  | with bad news | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [teething](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/teething/)
- next →: [telegraph](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/telegraph/)
- ↑ back to [T in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/)