---
title: terrestrial — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «terrestrial» in the school dictionary: Living on land or growing on land, not in water or the air. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# terrestrial

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Elephants, Mercury, Frogs, ET, Grandma, Most snails · **What happens:** live, grow, do, broadcast, be, not be · **To what, where:** land, space, Terrestrial TV, transmitters, terrestrial animals, terrestrial planets

<!-- .vabout -->
«terrestrial» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [terrestrial in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/terrestrial.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Living on land or growing on land, not in water or the air.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:m1:1
# text = Living on land or growing on land, not in water or the air.
1	Living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	csubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  | land |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location |
| 2 | **grow** | gerund |  |  |  | land |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To do with the planet Earth, not space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:m2:1
# text = To do with the planet Earth, not space.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | space |  |  |  | with the planet Earth | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: TV, UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Terrestrial TV is broadcast from transmitters on the ground, not by satellite or cable.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:m3:1
# text = Terrestrial TV is broadcast from transmitters on the ground, not by satellite or cable.
1	Terrestrial	terrestrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broadcast	broadcast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	transmitters	transmitter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	satellite	satellite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	cable	cable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **broadcast** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | Terrestrial TV |  | transmitters on the ground |  |  | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Elephants are terrestrial animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x1:1
# text = Elephants are terrestrial animals.
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	terrestrial	terrestrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Elephants | terrestrial animals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are the terrestrial planets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x2:1
# text = Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are the terrestrial planets.
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Mars	Mars	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	terrestrial	terrestrial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mercury and Venus and Earth and Mars | the terrestrial planets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frogs live on land and in water, so they are not only terrestrial.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x3:1
# text = Frogs live on land and in water, so they are not only terrestrial.
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	only	only	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	terrestrial	terrestrial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Frogs |  |  | land and water |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | Frogs *= frog* | terrestrial |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
ET is an extra-terrestrial from another planet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x4:1
# text = ET is an extra-terrestrial from another planet.
1	ET	ET	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	terrestrial	terrestrial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | ET | a extra terrestrial |  | another planet |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma only watches terrestrial TV channels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x5:1
# text = Grandma only watches terrestrial TV channels.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	terrestrial	terrestrial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	TV	TV	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	channels	channel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | present | Grandma | terrestrial TV channels |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent channel=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most snails are terrestrial, but some live in ponds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x6:1
# text = Most snails are terrestrial, but some live in ponds.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	amod	_	_
2	snails	snail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	terrestrial	terrestrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
8	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ponds	pond	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Most snails |  |  |  |  | terrestrial *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | some |  |  | ponds |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pond=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Erebus reigned in that mysterious world below where no ray of sunshine, no gleam of daylight, nor vestige of health-giving terrestrial life ever appeared.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:terrestrial:x7:1
# text = Erebus reigned in that mysterious world below where no ray of sunshine, no gleam of daylight, nor vestige of health-giving terrestrial life ever appeared.
1	Erebus	Erebus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reigned	reign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	mysterious	mysterious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	below	below	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	2	advmod	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	ray	ray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	gleam	gleam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	20	cc	_	_
20	vestige	vestige	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	giving	give	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
25	terrestrial	terrestrial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	28	advmod	_	_
28	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reign** | past | Erebus |  |  | that mysterious world |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | gerund | vestige *not said here* | terrestrial life |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |
| 3 | **appear** | past | vestige |  |  |  | ever |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **ray** |  |  | sunshine |  |  |  |  | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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