---
title: thai — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «thai» in the school dictionary: Thai means from or about Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia whose capital is Bangkok. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# thai

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Thai, capital, five tones, We, Thai people, Many Thai people · **What happens:** mean, be, change, have, throw, call · **To what, where:** Thailand, Bangkok, person, main language, meaning, words · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«thai» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [thai in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/thai.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thai means from or about Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia whose capital is Bangkok.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:m1:1
# text = Thai means from or about Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia whose capital is Bangkok.
1	Thai	Thai	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Thailand	Thailand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	Southeast	Southeast	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	Bangkok	Bangkok	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Thai |  |  | Thailand |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Bangkok's capital | Bangkok |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Thai is a person from Thailand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:m2:1
# text = A Thai is a person from Thailand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Thai	thai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Thailand	Thailand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Thai | a person |  | Thailand |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thai is the main language of Thailand, with its own alphabet and five tones that change the meaning of words.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:m3:1
# text = Thai is the main language of Thailand, with its own alphabet and five tones that change the meaning of words.
1	Thai	thai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Thailand	Thailand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Thai | the main language |  |  |  | of Thailand | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | present | five tones | the meaning of words |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient |
| 3 | **mean** |  |  | words |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had Thai green curry for dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x1:1
# text = We had Thai green curry for dinner.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Thai	Thai	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	curry	curry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | Thai green curry |  |  |  | for dinner | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curry=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thai is a tonal language, like Chinese.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x2:1
# text = Thai is a tonal language, like Chinese.
1	Thai	thai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tonal	tonal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Chinese	Chinese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Thai | a tonal language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At Songkran, Thai people throw water at each other for New Year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x3:1
# text = At Songkran, Thai people throw water at each other for New Year.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Songkran	Songkran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Thai	Thai	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	throw	throw	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	6	obl	_	_
10	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	fixed	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | present | Thai people | water |  | Songkran | for New Year | at each | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent water=Theme at songkran=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Muay Thai is also called Thai boxing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x4:1
# text = Muay Thai is also called Thai boxing.
1	Muay	Muay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Thai	Thai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	Thai	Thai	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	boxing	boxing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | Muay Thai |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many Thai people are Buddhists.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x5:1
# text = Many Thai people are Buddhists.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	Thai	Thai	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Buddhists	Buddhist	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Many Thai people | Buddhists |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Thai alphabet has 44 consonants.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x6:1
# text = The Thai alphabet has 44 consonants.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Thai	Thai	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	44	44	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	consonants	consonant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Thai alphabet | 44 consonants |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consonant=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class learned to say hello in Thai: "sawasdee".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thai:x7:1
# text = Our class learned to say hello in Thai: "sawasdee".
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Thai	Thai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	sawasdee	sawasdee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | Our class |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | Our class *not said here* |  |  | Thai |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent hello=Theme in thai=Manner |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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