---
title: thaw — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «thaw» in the school dictionary: To thaw is to melt: ice or snow thaws when it gets warmer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# thaw

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ice, snow, thaw, person, relationship, you · **What happens:** thaw, be, get, freeze, become, cook · **To what, where:** frozen food, time, chicken, fridge, sun., frozen fingers

<!-- .vabout -->
«thaw» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [thaw in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/thaw.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To thaw is to melt: ice or snow thaws when it gets warmer.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:m1:1
# text = To thaw is to melt: ice or snow thaws when it gets warmer.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	thaw	thaw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	melt	melt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	thaws	thaw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
14	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | melt *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **thaw** | present | ice or snow |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **get** | present | snow |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To thaw frozen food is to let it become soft and unfrozen before cooking.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:m2:1
# text = To thaw frozen food is to let it become soft and unfrozen before cooking.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	thaw	thaw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	unfrozen	unfrozen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	cooking	cook	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | to-infinitive |  | frozen food |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient food=Result |
| 2 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | let *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **cook** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thaw is a time of warmer weather when snow and ice melt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:m3:1
# text = A thaw is a time of warmer weather when snow and ice melt.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thaw	thaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
10	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	melt	melt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a thaw | a time |  |  |  | of warmer weather | tree rules |
| 2 | **melt** | present | snow and ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a person or a relationship thaws, it becomes friendlier after being cold.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:m4:1
# text = If a person or a relationship thaws, it becomes friendlier after being cold.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	thaws	thaw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	friendlier	friendly	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	xcomp	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	cop	_	_
14	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a person or a relationship |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | present | relationship |  |  |  |  | friendly *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The snow began to thaw in March.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x1:1
# text = The snow began to thaw in March.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	thaw	thaw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	March	March	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the snow |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **thaw** | to-infinitive | the snow *not said here* |  |  |  | march |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thaw the chicken in the fridge overnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x2:1
# text = Thaw the chicken in the fridge overnight.
1	Thaw	thaw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fridge	fridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | imperative | you *not said here* | the chicken |  | the fridge |  | overnight *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient chicken=Result |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ice on the pond thawed in the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x3:1
# text = The ice on the pond thawed in the sun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	thawed	thaw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | participle | the ice on the pond |  |  | the sun. |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the thaw, the river flooded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x4:1
# text = After the thaw, the river flooded.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	thaw	thaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	flooded	flood	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flood** | past | the river |  |  |  | after the thaw |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My frozen fingers thawed out by the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x5:1
# text = My frozen fingers thawed out by the fire.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	thawed	thaw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **thaw out** | participle · passive | the fire | My frozen fingers |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient subject=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ice thaws at 0 °C.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x6:1
# text = Ice thaws at 0 °C.
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	thaws	thaw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
5	°	°	SYM	SYM	_	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	C.	c.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | present | Ice |  |  | 0  ° C. |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their friendship slowly thawed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x7:1
# text = Their friendship slowly thawed.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	thawed	thaw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thaw** | participle · passive |  | Their friendship |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The snow that lay upon it was partially thawed, and the stones crumbled beneath the feet.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thaw:x8:1
# text = The snow that lay upon it was partially thawed, and the stones crumbled beneath the feet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	partially	partially	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	thawed	thaw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	crumbled	crumble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the snow |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **thaw** | past · passive |  | snow |  |  |  | partially *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 3 | **crumble** | past | the stones |  |  |  |  | beneath the feet | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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