---
title: thermos — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «thermos» in the school dictionary: A thermos is a special bottle or flask with two walls and a gap between them that keeps hot drinks hot and cold drinks cold for a long time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# thermos

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thermos, that, Dad, soup, you, careful · **What happens:** be, keep, call, bring, stay, open · **To what, where:** special bottle, hot drinks, It, thermos, football match, cold drinks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«thermos» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [thermos in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/thermos.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thermos is a special bottle or flask with two walls and a gap between them that keeps hot drinks hot and cold drinks cold for a long time.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:m1:1
# text = A thermos is a special bottle or flask with two walls and a gap between them that keeps hot drinks hot and cold drinks cold for a long time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	flask	flask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	between	between	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
19	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
24	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
25	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a thermos | a special bottle or flask |  |  |  | with two walls and a gap between walls | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present | that | hot drinks |  |  |  | cold *property* | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent drink=Theme drink=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is also called a vacuum flask or a flask.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:m2:1
# text = It is also called a vacuum flask or a flask.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	vacuum	vacuum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	flask	flask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	flask	flask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad brought a thermos of hot cocoa to the football match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:x1:1
# text = Dad brought a thermos of hot cocoa to the football match.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cocoa	cocoa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | Dad | a thermos of hot cocoa |  | the football match |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thermos=Theme to match=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My soup stayed hot all morning in the thermos.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:x2:1
# text = My soup stayed hot all morning in the thermos.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | My soup |  |  | the thermos | morning | hot *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in thermos=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A thermos keeps cold drinks cold too.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:x3:1
# text = A thermos keeps cold drinks cold too.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a thermos | cold drinks |  |  |  | cold *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be careful when you open the thermos — the steam is hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:x4:1
# text = Be careful when you open the thermos — the steam is hot.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	nsubj	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	open	open	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **open** | present | you | the thermos |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thermos=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | careful |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learnt how a thermos stops heat escaping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:x5:1
# text = We learnt how a thermos stops heat escaping.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learnt	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thermos	thermos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
7	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	escaping	escape	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stop** | present | a thermos | heat |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality heat=Eventuality |
| 3 | **escape** | gerund | heat *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the UK, people often just call it a flask.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thermos:x6:1
# text = In the UK, people often just call it a flask.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	call	call	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	flask	flask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | infinitive | people | UK |  | the UK |  | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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