---
title: thrash — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «thrash» in the school dictionary: To thrash is to move arms, legs or body around wildly and violently, like a fish thrashing on a hook. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# thrash

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fish, you, team, baby, Someone, crocodile · **What happens:** thrash, be, hit, thrash out, mean, talk · **To what, where:** hook, team, someone, them, problem, riverbank · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«thrash» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [thrash in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/thrash.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To thrash is to move arms, legs or body around wildly and violently, like a fish thrashing on a hook.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:m1:1
# text = To thrash is to move arms, legs or body around wildly and violently, like a fish thrashing on a hook.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	thrash	thrash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	around	around	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	wildly	wildly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	violently	violently	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
19	thrashing	thrash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hook	hook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | move, wildly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **thrash** | gerund | a fish *not said here* |  |  | a hook |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on hook=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To thrash a team is to beat them easily by a lot (informal).

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:m2:1
# text = To thrash a team is to beat them easily by a lot (informal).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	thrash	thrash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	beat	beat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | to-infinitive |  | a team |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent team=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | by a lot; beat, easily *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To thrash someone is to beat or hit them very hard many times, which is cruel and wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:m3:1
# text = To thrash someone is to beat or hit them very hard many times, which is cruel and wrong.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	thrash	thrash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	beat	beat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	hit	hit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | beat *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **hit** | infinitive |  | them *= they* |  |  | time | hard *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Thrash out» means to talk about a problem until you solve it.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:m4:1
# text = «Thrash out» means to talk about a problem until you solve it.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Thrash	thrash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	solve	solve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash out** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **talk** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | about a problem | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about problem=Topic |
| 4 | **solve** | present | you | problem |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fish thrashed about on the riverbank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x1:1
# text = The fish thrashed about on the riverbank.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thrashed	thrash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	riverbank	riverbank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash about** | past | the fish |  |  | the riverbank |  | about *property* | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on riverbank=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our team thrashed theirs 7 to 1.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x2:1
# text = Our team thrashed theirs 7 to 1.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thrashed	thrash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	theirs	their	PRON	PRP	Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | past | Our team | theirs *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent their=Patient 7=Result |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby thrashed her arms and legs in the bath.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x3:1
# text = The baby thrashed her arms and legs in the bath.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thrashed	thrash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | past | the baby | baby's arms and legs |  | the bath |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent arm=Patient in bath=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Someone thrashing in deep water may need help — call a lifeguard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x4:1
# text = Someone thrashing in deep water may need help — call a lifeguard.
1	Someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
2	thrashing	thrash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	call	call	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lifeguard	lifeguard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | gerund |  |  |  | deep water |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location |
| 2 | **need** | may | Someone | help |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | infinitive |  | a lifeguard |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lifeguard=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crocodile thrashed its tail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x5:1
# text = The crocodile thrashed its tail.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thrashed	thrash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash** | past | the crocodile | crocodile's tail |  |  |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class thrashed out the rules for the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x6:1
# text = The class thrashed out the rules for the game.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thrashed	thrash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrash out** | past | the class | the rules |  |  |  | for the game | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind made the branches thrash against the window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:thrash:x7:1
# text = The wind made the branches thrash against the window.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	thrash	thrash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	xcomp	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **thrash** | present | the branches |  |  | the window |  |  | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent against window=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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