---
title: time — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «time» in the school dictionary: Time is what we measure with clocks in seconds, minutes, hours, days and years. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# time

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Time, we, something, Times, it, punishment · **What happens:** be, measure, show, happen, mean, multiply · **To what, where:** hour, minutes, clock, one occasion, 4 12, period · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«time» in the school dictionary: its 11 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [time in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/time.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Time is what we measure with clocks in seconds, minutes, hours, days and years.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m1:1
# text = Time is what we measure with clocks in seconds, minutes, hours, days and years.
1	Time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	measure	measure	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Time |  |  |  | second |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **measure** | present | we |  |  |  |  | with clocks | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The time is the hour and minutes shown on a clock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m2:1
# text = The time is the hour and minutes shown on a clock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the time | the hour and minutes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | participle |  | minutes *not said here* |  | a clock |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What time is it?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m2e:1
# text = What time is it?
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | what time | it |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A time is one occasion when something happens: the first time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m3:1
# text = A time is one occasion when something happens: the first time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
8	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	amod	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a time | one occasion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **happen** | present | something |  |  |  | time |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Times» means multiplied by: 3 times 4 is 12.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m4:1
# text = «Times» means multiplied by: 3 times 4 is 12.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	multiplied	multiply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
8	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Times |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **multiply** | participle |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | 4 12 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A time is a period in history or in life: in the time of the dinosaurs.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m5:1
# text = A time is a period in history or in life: in the time of the dinosaurs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a time | a period or life and the time of the dinosaurs |  | history |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To time something is to measure how long it takes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m6:1
# text = To time something is to measure how long it takes.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	measure	measure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
8	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | measure *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | present | it |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Time out» is a short break or a punishment of sitting quietly; «about time!» means at last, you are late.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m7:1
# text = «Time out» is a short break or a punishment of sitting quietly; «about time!» means at last, you are late.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
14	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	about	about	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
21	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Time | a short break or a punishment and time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | gerund | a punishment *not said here* |  |  |  |  | quietly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** | present | a short break or a punishment and time |  |  | last |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Have a good time» means enjoy yourself; «hard time» means trouble: «don't give me a hard time».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m8:1
# text = «Have a good time» means enjoy yourself; «hard time» means trouble: «don't give me a hard time».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	enjoy	enjoy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	_
9	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
15	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
16	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	parataxis	_	_
22	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **enjoy** | infinitive |  | yourself |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer yourself=Stimulus |
| 4 | **mean** | present | hard time | trouble |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **give** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support |  |  | me |  | time |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |

## Meaning 9 {#m9}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rough, slang — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Doing time» means being in prison.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m9:1
# text = «Doing time» means being in prison.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Doing |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 10 {#m10}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Duration», «period», «interval» and «elapsed time» are stiff words: «Determine the duration of the journey.».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m10:1
# text = «Duration», «period», «interval» and «elapsed time» are stiff words: «Determine the duration of the journey.».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Duration	duration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	interval	interval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	elapsed	elapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	19	appos	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	duration	duration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elapse** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Duration | stiff words |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **determine** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | the duration of the journey |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duration=Topic |

## Meaning 11 {#m11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In time can also mean early enough, before it is too late.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:m11:1
# text = In time can also mean early enough, before it is too late.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
7	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	too	too	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  | time | early *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What time does the train leave?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x1:1
# text = What time does the train leave?
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | what time | the train |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | infinitive | what time *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It takes 20 minutes each time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x2:1
# text = It takes 20 minutes each time.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | It |  |  |  | minute; time |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She jumped 5 times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x3:1
# text = She jumped 5 times.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | She |  |  |  | time |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He has 3 times as many cards as Ann.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x4:1
# text = He has 3 times as many cards as Ann.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	as	as	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Ann	Ann	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | He | many cards |  |  | time | as Ann | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Six times seven is forty-two.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x5:1
# text = Six times seven is forty-two.
1	Six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | seven forty two |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be on time for school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x6:1
# text = Be on time for school.
1	Be	be	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had a great time at the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x7:1
# text = We had a great time at the beach.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We |  |  | the beach | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Time how long it takes the ice to melt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x8:1
# text = Time how long it takes the ice to melt.
1	Time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
2	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
3	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	melt	melt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | it | the ice |  |  | time | long *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Theme |
| 2 | **melt** | to-infinitive |  | the ice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
bus at 8:40 its 8:25 now, how much time (casual)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x9:1
# text = bus at 8:40 its 8:25 now, how much time (casual)
1	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	8:40	8:40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	nmod	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	8:25	8:25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	casual	casual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About time! You said 10 minutes, it's been 40. (rough)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* About time!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x10:1
# text = About time!
1	About	about	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You said 10 minutes, it's been 40.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x10:2
# text = You said 10 minutes, it's been 40.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
9	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | You |  |  |  | minute |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | it | 40 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* (rough)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x10:3
# text = (rough)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His uncle is doing time for robbery. (slang)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* His uncle is doing time for robbery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x11:1
# text = His uncle is doing time for robbery.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	robbery	robbery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · progressive | His uncle |  |  |  | time |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (slang)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x11:2
# text = (slang)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the duration, in minutes, of a journey commencing at 14:20 and concluding at 15:05. (formal exam)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Determine the duration, in minutes, of a journey commencing at 14:20 and concluding at 15:05.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x12:1
# text = Determine the duration, in minutes, of a journey commencing at 14:20 and concluding at 15:05.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	duration	duration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
11	commencing	commence	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	14:20	14:20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	concluding	conclude	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	conj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	15:05	15:05	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the duration |  |  | minute | of a journey | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duration=Topic |
| 2 | **commence** | gerund | a journey *not said here* |  |  | 14:20 |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **conclude** | gerund | a journey *not said here* |  |  | 15:05 |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (formal exam)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x12:2
# text = (formal exam)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The girls arrived just in time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:time:x13:1
# text = The girls arrived just in time.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | the girls |  |  |  | time |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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