---
title: timekeeper — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «timekeeper» in the school dictionary: A timekeeper is a person who keeps track of time in a game, race or event, often with a stopwatch, and says when time is up. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# timekeeper

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** timekeeper, person, time, good timekeeper, She, I · **What happens:** be, keep, say, watch, judge, blow up · **To what, where:** person, track, game, someone, excellent timekeeper, clock · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«timekeeper» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [timekeeper in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/timekeeper.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A timekeeper is a person who keeps track of time in a game, race or event, often with a stopwatch, and says when time is up.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:m1:1
# text = A timekeeper is a person who keeps track of time in a game, race or event, often with a stopwatch, and says when time is up.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	often	often	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	stopwatch	stopwatch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
26	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	29	advmod	_	_
27	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	up	up	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a timekeeper | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present | a person | track of time |  | a game |  | with a stopwatch | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent track=Theme in game=Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | time |  |  |  |  | up *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A good timekeeper is someone who is always on time: «She is an excellent timekeeper».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:m2:1
# text = A good timekeeper is someone who is always on time: «She is an excellent timekeeper».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a good timekeeper | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present |  |  |  |  | time | always *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | She | a excellent timekeeper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A timekeeper can also be a clock or watch, judged by how accurately it keeps time.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:m3:1
# text = A timekeeper can also be a clock or watch, judged by how accurately it keeps time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	judged	judge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
12	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
14	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
17	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a timekeeper | a clock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **watch** | infinitive | a timekeeper *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **judge** | participle |  | a clock *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **keep** | present | timekeeper |  |  |  | time | accurately *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was the timekeeper for the 100-metre race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:x1:1
# text = I was the timekeeper for the 100-metre race.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	metre	metre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | I | the timekeeper |  |  |  | for the metre race | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The timekeeper blew the whistle when time was up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:x2:1
# text = The timekeeper blew the whistle when time was up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	whistle	whistle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow up** | past | the timekeeper | the whistle |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent whistle=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My teacher says I am a good timekeeper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:x3:1
# text = My teacher says I am a good timekeeper.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
5	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | My teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | I | a good timekeeper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old clock is still an accurate timekeeper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:x4:1
# text = The old clock is still an accurate timekeeper.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	still	still	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the old clock | a accurate timekeeper |  |  | still |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The timekeeper recorded 14.5 seconds for Sam.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:x5:1
# text = The timekeeper recorded 14.5 seconds for Sam.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	recorded	record	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	14.5	14.5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **record** | past | the timekeeper |  |  |  | second | for Sam | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In group work, one person is the timekeeper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:timekeeper:x6:1
# text = In group work, one person is the timekeeper.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	timekeeper	timekeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | one person | the timekeeper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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