---
title: toboggan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «toboggan» in the school dictionary: A toboggan is a long, narrow sledge without runners, with a curled-up front, used for sliding down snowy hills; in everyday use it is often any sledge or sled. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/toboggan/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [T](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/) / toboggan

# toboggan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** toboggan, We, They, slope, toboggan run, Indigenous peoples · **What happens:** be, curl, use, slide down, toboggan, mean · **To what, where:** long narrow sledge, snowy hills, sledge, everyday use, snowy hill, toboggan · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«toboggan» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [toboggan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/toboggan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toboggan is a long, narrow sledge without runners, with a curled-up front, used for sliding down snowy hills; in everyday use it is often any sledge or sled.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:m1:1
# text = A toboggan is a long, narrow sledge without runners, with a curled-up front, used for sliding down snowy hills; in everyday use it is often any sledge or sled.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	runners	runner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	curled	curl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
20	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
21	sliding	slide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
22	down	down	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	everyday	everyday	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
30	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
31	often	often	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
32	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	33	det	_	_
33	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
34	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	sled	sled	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a toboggan | a long narrow sledge and any sledge or sled |  |  |  | without runners with a curled up front | tree rules |
| 2 | **curl** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **slide down** | gerund |  | snowy hills |  |  |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | present | toboggan | any sledge or sled |  | everyday use |  | often *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To toboggan means to slide down a snowy hill on a toboggan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:m2:1
# text = To toboggan means to slide down a snowy hill on a toboggan.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	toboggan	toboggan	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	slide	slide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toboggan** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **slide down** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a snowy hill |  | a toboggan |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent hill=Theme on toboggan=Trajectory |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Canada, some US areas, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toboggan can also mean a knitted woolly hat (a tuque or beanie) in parts of the southern USA.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:m3:1
# text = A toboggan can also mean a knitted woolly hat (a tuque or beanie) in parts of the southern USA.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	knitted	knit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
8	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tuque	tuque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	beanie	beanie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | a toboggan | a knitted woolly hat |  |  |  | in parts of the southern USA | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot hat=Theme in part=Attribute |
| 2 | **knit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We took the toboggan to the big hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x1:1
# text = We took the toboggan to the big hill.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | We | the toboggan |  | the big hill |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent toboggan=Theme to hill=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Four of us fitted on the long toboggan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x2:1
# text = Four of us fitted on the long toboggan.
1	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	fitted	fit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fit** | participle |  |  |  | the long toboggan |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent on toboggan=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They tobogganed down the slope screaming with joy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x3:1
# text = They tobogganed down the slope screaming with joy.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tobogganed	toboggan	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	slope	slope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	screaming	scream	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toboggan down** | past | They | the slope |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme slope=Location |
| 2 | **scream** *speech: express* | gerund | the slope *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with joy | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with joy=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toboggan run was icy and fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x4:1
# text = The toboggan run was icy and fast.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	run	run	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the toboggan run |  |  |  |  | icy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the toboggan run *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Indigenous peoples in Canada used toboggans to carry loads over snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x5:1
# text = Indigenous peoples in Canada used toboggans to carry loads over snow.
1	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	toboggans	toboggan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
9	loads	load	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Indigenous peoples in Canada | toboggans |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toboggan=Patient |
| 2 | **carry** | to-infinitive | Indigenous peoples in Canada *not said here* | loads |  | snow |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay away from the road with your toboggan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x6:1
# text = Stay away from the road with your toboggan.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay away** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Tennessee, my cousin calls his woolly hat a toboggan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toboggan:x7:1
# text = In Tennessee, my cousin calls his woolly hat a toboggan.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Tennessee	Tennessee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present | my cousin | cousin's woolly hat |  | Tennessee |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hat=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [tobacco](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/tobacco/)
- next →: [tobogganing](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/tobogganing/)
- ↑ back to [T in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/)