---
title: tobogganing — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tobogganing» in the school dictionary: Tobogganing is the activity of sliding down snowy hills on a toboggan or sledge. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tobogganing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Tobogganing, activity, We, it, park, Luge · **What happens:** be, slide down, bobsleigh, go, toboggan, snow · **To what, where:** activity, snowy hills, toboggan, winter sport, favourite winter activity, steep hill

<!-- .vabout -->
«tobogganing» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tobogganing in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tobogganing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tobogganing is the activity of sliding down snowy hills on a toboggan or sledge.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:m1:1
# text = Tobogganing is the activity of sliding down snowy hills on a toboggan or sledge.
1	Tobogganing	tobogganing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sliding	slide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	down	down	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	snowy	snowy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	toboggan	toboggan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tobogganing | the activity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **slide down** | gerund | the activity *not said here* | snowy hills |  | a toboggan or sledge |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent hill=Theme on toboggan=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tobogganing is also a winter sport of racing down icy tracks, related to luge and bobsleigh.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:m2:1
# text = Tobogganing is also a winter sport of racing down icy tracks, related to luge and bobsleigh.
1	Tobogganing	tobogganing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	racing	racing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	icy	icy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	tracks	track	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	luge	luge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	bobsleigh	bobsleigh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tobogganing | a winter sport |  |  |  | of racing and icy tracks | tree rules |
| 2 | **bobsleigh** | infinitive | Tobogganing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went tobogganing after school when it snowed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x1:1
# text = We went tobogganing after school when it snowed.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tobogganing	toboggan	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	snowed	snow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **toboggan** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  |  | after school |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **snow** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tobogganing is my favourite winter activity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x2:1
# text = Tobogganing is my favourite winter activity.
1	Tobogganing	tobogganing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
4	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tobogganing | my favourite winter activity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The park banned tobogganing on the steep hill near the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x3:1
# text = The park banned tobogganing on the steep hill near the road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	banned	ban	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tobogganing	toboggan	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	near	near	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ban** | past | the park |  |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |
| 2 | **toboggan** | gerund | the park *not said here* |  |  | the steep hill |  | near the road | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After tobogganing, we drank hot chocolate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x4:1
# text = After tobogganing, we drank hot chocolate.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	tobogganing	toboggan	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toboggan** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **drink** | past | we | hot chocolate |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chocolate=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Luge is a fast kind of tobogganing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x5:1
# text = Luge is a fast kind of tobogganing.
1	Luge	luge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	tobogganing	tobogganing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Luge | a fast kind |  |  |  | of tobogganing | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear a helmet when you go tobogganing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x6:1
# text = Wear a helmet when you go tobogganing.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	tobogganing	toboggan	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | a helmet |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **toboggan** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We were tobogganing until it got dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tobogganing:x7:1
# text = We were tobogganing until it got dark.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	tobogganing	toboggan	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toboggan** | past · progressive | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | past | it |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

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