---
title: toggle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «toggle» in the school dictionary: A toggle is a short piece of wood, plastic or metal used like a button: it is pushed through a loop to fasten a coat or bag, as on a duffel coat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# toggle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** toggle, switch, one press, duffel coat, you, We · **What happens:** be, use, push, fasten, turn on, change · **To what, where:** short piece, metal, toggle, loop, coat, switch · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«toggle» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [toggle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/toggle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toggle is a short piece of wood, plastic or metal used like a button: it is pushed through a loop to fasten a coat or bag, as on a duffel coat.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:m1:1
# text = A toggle is a short piece of wood, plastic or metal used like a button: it is pushed through a loop to fasten a coat or bag, as on a duffel coat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
21	through	through	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	loop	loop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	fasten	fasten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
32	on	on	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	duffel	duffel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a toggle | a short piece |  |  |  | of wood and plastic or metal | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | metal *not said here* |  |  |  | like a button | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **push** | present · passive |  | toggle |  | a loop |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme through loop=Trajectory |
| 4 | **fasten** | to-infinitive |  | a coat or bag |  |  |  | as a duffel coat | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toggle is a switch or button that turns something on or off, one press changing it each time.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:m2:1
# text = A toggle is a switch or button that turns something on or off, one press changing it each time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	switch	switch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	off	off	ADV	RB	_	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
17	changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a toggle | a switch or button and one press |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn on** | present | a switch or button and one press | something |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 3 | **change** | gerund | one press *not said here* | toggle |  |  | time |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To toggle means to switch between two states or options, like on and off.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:m3:1
# text = To toggle means to switch between two states or options, like on and off.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	toggle	toggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	switch	switch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	options	option	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	on	on	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	off	off	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toggle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **switch** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | between two states or options | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Toggle between the two windows."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:m3e:1
# text = "Toggle between the two windows."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Toggle	Toggle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	between	between	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toggle is also the sliding stopper on a drawstring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:m4:1
# text = A toggle is also the sliding stopper on a drawstring.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sliding	slide	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	stopper	stopper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	drawstring	drawstring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slide** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a toggle | the sliding stopper |  | a drawstring |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My duffel coat has wooden toggles instead of buttons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x1:1
# text = My duffel coat has wooden toggles instead of buttons.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	duffel	duffel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	toggles	toggle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	buttons	button	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My duffel coat | wooden toggles |  |  |  | instead buttons | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toggle=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tap the toggle to turn on dark mode.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x2:1
# text = Tap the toggle to turn on dark mode.
1	Tap	tap	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	mode	mode	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tap** | imperative | you *not said here* | the toggle |  |  |  |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent toggle=Location |
| 2 | **turn** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | dark mode |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on mode=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Press the key to toggle between capital and small letters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x3:1
# text = Press the key to toggle between capital and small letters.
1	Press	press	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	toggle	toggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **press** | imperative | you *not said here* | the key |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent key=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **toggle** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | between capital and small letters | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toggle switch on the lamp clicked on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x4:1
# text = The toggle switch on the lamp clicked on.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	switch	switch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	clicked	click	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **click on** | participle |  | the toggle switch on the lamp *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pull the toggle to tighten the hood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x5:1
# text = Pull the toggle to tighten the hood.
1	Pull	pull	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	tighten	tighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hood	hood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | imperative | you *not said here* | the toggle |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toggle=Theme |
| 2 | **tighten** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the hood |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hood=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can toggle the sound on and off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x6:1
# text = You can toggle the sound on and off.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	toggle	toggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	off	off	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toggle on** | can | You | the sound |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We used a toggle switch in our circuit project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toggle:x7:1
# text = We used a toggle switch in our circuit project.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	toggle	toggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	switch	switch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	circuit	circuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | We | a toggle switch |  | our circuit project |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent switch=Patient |
| 2 | **project** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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