---
title: tom — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tom» in the school dictionary: A male cat; also a tomcat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tom

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Tom, tomcat, Toms, Miaou · **What happens:** be, fight, come, call, not be, sleep · **To what, where:** name, next door, male turkey, best friend, old tom, wall · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tom» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tom in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tom.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A male cat; also a tomcat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:m1:1
# text = A male cat; also a tomcat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tomcat	tomcat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The male of some other animals, such as a turkey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:m2:1
# text = The male of some other animals, such as a turkey.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	male	male	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
5	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	turkey	turkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom is a boy's name, short for Thomas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:m3:1
# text = Tom is a boy's name, short for Thomas.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Thomas	Thomas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tom | a boy's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tom fought with the cat next door.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x1:1
# text = The tom fought with the cat next door.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tom	tom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | the tom | next door |  |  |  | with the cat | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with cat=Co-Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our tomcat comes home every morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x2:1
# text = Our tomcat comes home every morning.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	tomcat	tomcat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Our tomcat |  |  |  | morning | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A male turkey is called a tom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x3:1
# text = A male turkey is called a tom.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	turkey	turkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tom	tom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | a male turkey |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme tom=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom is my best friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x4:1
# text = Tom is my best friend.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Tom | my best friend |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom Thumb was no bigger than his father's thumb.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x5:1
# text = Tom Thumb was no bigger than his father's thumb.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Thumb	Thumb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	no	no	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	thumb	thumb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past | Tom |  |  |  |  | than Tom's father's thumb; big *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old tom slept on the wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x6:1
# text = The old tom slept on the wall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	tom	tom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	slept	sleep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | participle |  | the old tom *not said here* |  | the wall |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toms often roam far from home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x7:1
# text = Toms often roam far from home.
1	Toms	tom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	often	often	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	roam	roam	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roam** | present | Toms |  |  | home |  | far, often *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from home=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Miaou!" said Old Tom in answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tom:x8:1
# text = "Miaou!" said Old Tom in answer.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Miaou	miaou	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Miaou |  |  | answer |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in answer=Manner |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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