---
title: toothbrush — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «toothbrush» in the school dictionary: A toothbrush is a small brush with a long handle that you use with toothpaste to clean your teeth. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# toothbrush

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** toothbrush, you, I, My, We, dentist · **What happens:** be, use, clean, put, size, not share · **To what, where:** small brush, that, teeth, sized blob, toothbrush, toothbrushes

<!-- .vabout -->
«toothbrush» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [toothbrush in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/toothbrush.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A toothbrush is a small brush with a long handle that you use with toothpaste to clean your teeth.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:m1:1
# text = A toothbrush is a small brush with a long handle that you use with toothpaste to clean your teeth.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	brush	brush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	clean	clean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
18	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a toothbrush | a small brush |  |  |  | with a long handle | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | you | that |  |  |  | with toothpaste | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |
| 3 | **clean** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | your teeth |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I put a pea-sized blob of toothpaste on my toothbrush.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x1:1
# text = I put a pea-sized blob of toothpaste on my toothbrush.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	pea	pea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	sized	size	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	blob	blob	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	toothpaste	toothpaste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | I | a sized blob of toothpaste |  | my toothbrush |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent blob=Theme on toothbrush=Destination |
| 2 | **size** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't share your toothbrush with anyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x2:1
# text = Don't share your toothbrush with anyone.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	share	share	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **share** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | your toothbrush |  |  |  | with anyone | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My electric toothbrush buzzes for two minutes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x3:1
# text = My electric toothbrush buzzes for two minutes.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	buzzes	buzz	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buzz** |  | My |  |  |  |  | for two minutes | nom buzz «event intransitive»: poss=agent for=obl |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Change your toothbrush every three months.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x4:1
# text = Change your toothbrush every three months.
1	Change	change	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | imperative | you *not said here* | your toothbrush |  |  | month |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toothbrush=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rinse your toothbrush after you use it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x5:1
# text = Rinse your toothbrush after you use it.
1	Rinse	rinse	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rinse** | imperative | you *not said here* | your toothbrush |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent toothbrush=Source |
| 2 | **use** | present | you | toothbrush |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We packed our toothbrushes for the sleepover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x6:1
# text = We packed our toothbrushes for the sleepover.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	packed	pack	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	toothbrushes	toothbrush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sleepover	sleepover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pack** | past | We | our toothbrushes |  |  |  | for the sleepover | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent toothbrush=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dentist gave me a new toothbrush.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x7:1
# text = The dentist gave me a new toothbrush.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dentist	dentist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the dentist | a new toothbrush | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient toothbrush=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hold the toothbrush at a slant to the gums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:toothbrush:x8:1
# text = Hold the toothbrush at a slant to the gums.
1	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	slant	slant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	gums	gum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | the toothbrush |  | a slant |  | to the gums | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent toothbrush=Theme at slant=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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