---
title: torpid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «torpid» in the school dictionary: Torpid means sluggish and inactive, as if asleep or too lazy and slow to move. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# torpid

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**Who acts:** Torpid, dog, flowers, people, snake · **What happens:** mean, move, lie, be, seem · **To what, where:** heat

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«torpid» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [torpid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/torpid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Torpid means sluggish and inactive, as if asleep or too lazy and slow to move.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torpid:m1:1
# text = Torpid means sluggish and inactive, as if asleep or too lazy and slow to move.
1	Torpid	torpid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sluggish	sluggish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	inactive	inactive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	too	too	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Torpid |  |  |  |  | sluggish *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **move** | to-infinitive | Torpid *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the big lunch, the dog lay torpid by the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torpid:x1:1
# text = After the big lunch, the dog lay torpid by the fire.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	torpid	torpid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the dog |  |  |  | after the big lunch | by the fire; torpid *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fire=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flowers were torpid in the heat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torpid:x2:1
# text = The flowers were torpid in the heat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	torpid	torpid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the flowers |  |  | the heat |  | torpid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The people seemed torpid and slow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torpid:x3:1
# text = The people seemed torpid and slow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	torpid	torpid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | the people |  |  |  |  | torpid *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The snake was torpid in the cold morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torpid:x4:1
# text = The snake was torpid in the cold morning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	torpid	torpid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the snake |  |  |  | morning | torpid *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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