---
title: torrent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «torrent» in the school dictionary: A torrent is a fast, strong rush of water, like a stream in flood. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# torrent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** torrent, torrents, rain, river · **What happens:** be, mean, pour, do, fall, pour down · **To what, where:** fast strong rush, great flow, torrents, hill, class, torrent

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«torrent» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [torrent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/torrent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A torrent is a fast, strong rush of water, like a stream in flood.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:m1:1
# text = A torrent is a fast, strong rush of water, like a stream in flood.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	torrent	torrent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	rush	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a torrent | a fast strong rush and a stream in flood |  |  |  | of water | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A torrent of something is a great flow of it: a torrent of words.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:m2:1
# text = A torrent of something is a great flow of it: a torrent of words.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	torrent	torrent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	torrent	torrent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a torrent of something | a great flow and a torrent of words |  |  |  | of it | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«In torrents» means pouring very heavily, as rain does.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:m3:1
# text = «In torrents» means pouring very heavily, as rain does.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	torrents	torrent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	pouring	pour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	heavily	heavily	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | torrents |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pour** *not said to happen* | gerund | torrents *not said here* |  |  |  |  | heavily *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 3 | **do** | present | rain |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rain was falling in torrents.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:x1:1
# text = The rain was falling in torrents.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	torrents	torrent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past · progressive | the rain |  |  | torrents |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in torrent=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Torrents of water poured down the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:x2:1
# text = Torrents of water poured down the hill.
1	Torrents	torrent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour down** | participle | Torrents of water | the hill |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A torrent of questions came from the class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:x3:1
# text = A torrent of questions came from the class.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	torrent	torrent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a torrent of questions |  |  | the class |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from class=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The river became a torrent after the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:torrent:x4:1
# text = The river became a torrent after the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	torrent	torrent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | the river | a torrent |  |  | after the storm |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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