---
title: townsfolk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «townsfolk» in the school dictionary: Townsfolk are the people who live in a particular town, or town people in general as opposed to country people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# townsfolk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Townsfolk, people, Pied Piper, knight, mayor, townsfolk folk · **What happens:** be, live, oppose, gather, hear, lead · **To what, where:** people, particular town, town people, square, news, Piper

<!-- .vabout -->
«townsfolk» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [townsfolk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/townsfolk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Townsfolk are the people who live in a particular town, or town people in general as opposed to country people.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:m1:1
# text = Townsfolk are the people who live in a particular town, or town people in general as opposed to country people.
1	Townsfolk	Townsfolk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nmod	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	opposed	oppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Townsfolk | the people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | the people |  |  | a particular town |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location |
| 3 | **oppose** | participle |  | town people in general *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The townsfolk gathered in the square to hear the news.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x1:1
# text = The townsfolk gathered in the square to hear the news.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | the townsfolk |  |  | the square |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive | the townsfolk *not said here* | the news |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer news=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Pied Piper led the rats away, but the townsfolk did not pay him.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x2:1
# text = The Pied Piper led the rats away, but the townsfolk did not pay him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Pied	Pied	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Piper	Piper	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rats	rat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the Pied Piper |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **not** **pay** | past · do-support | the townsfolk | Piper |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The townsfolk cheered when the knight returned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x3:1
# text = The townsfolk cheered when the knight returned.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer** | past | the townsfolk |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **return** | past | the knight |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the townsfolk came to the summer fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x4:1
# text = All the townsfolk came to the summer fair.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | all townsfolk |  |  |  | summer | fair *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The townsfolk were afraid of the dragon on the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x5:1
# text = The townsfolk were afraid of the dragon on the hill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the townsfolk |  |  |  |  | of the dragon on the hill; afraid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mayor asked the townsfolk to help clean the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x6:1
# text = The mayor asked the townsfolk to help clean the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
8	clean	clean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the mayor | the townsfolk |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent townsfolk=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **help** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the townsfolk *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **clean** *not said to happen* | infinitive | the townsfolk *not said here* | the river |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent river=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the past, townsfolk and country folk lived very different lives.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x7:1
# text = In the past, townsfolk and country folk lived very different lives.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | townsfolk folk | different lives |  | the past |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And as he paced along, slowly and gravely, the townsfolk flocked to door and window, and many a blessing they called down upon his head.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:townsfolk:x8:1
# text = And as he paced along, slowly and gravely, the townsfolk flocked to door and window, and many a blessing they called down upon his head.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	paced	pace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
5	along	along	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	gravely	gravely	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	townsfolk	townsfolk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	flocked	flock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	blessing	blessing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	down	down	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pace** | past | he |  |  |  |  | along, slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **flock** | past | the townsfolk | door and window |  |  |  | a many blessing *obl* | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent door=Theme |
| 3 | **call down** *speech: assert* | past | door | a many blessing *not said here* |  |  |  | upon townsfolk's head; down *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent blessing=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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