---
title: tram — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tram» in the school dictionary: A tram is a public passenger vehicle that runs on rails along city streets, usually powered by electricity from wires above. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tram

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tram, public passenger vehicle, We, you, Trams, Melbourne · **What happens:** be, run, power, call, go, wait · **To what, where:** public passenger vehicle, rails, wires, Trams, North America, museum · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tram» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tram in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tram.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tram is a public passenger vehicle that runs on rails along city streets, usually powered by electricity from wires above.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:m1:1
# text = A tram is a public passenger vehicle that runs on rails along city streets, usually powered by electricity from wires above.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	passenger	passenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	rails	rail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
12	along	along	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	powered	power	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	wires	wire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
22	above	above	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tram | a public passenger vehicle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | present | a public passenger vehicle |  |  | rails |  | along city streets | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rail=Trajectory |
| 3 | **power** | participle | a public passenger vehicle *not said here* |  |  | wires |  | by electricity; above, usually *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trams are also called streetcars or trolleys in North America.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:m2:1
# text = Trams are also called streetcars or trolleys in North America.
1	Trams	tram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	streetcars	streetcar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	trolleys	trolley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | Trams |  | North America |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went to the museum by tram.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x1:1
# text = We went to the museum by tram.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  | the museum |  | by tram | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to museum=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wait at the tram stop until the tram stops completely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x2:1
# text = Wait at the tram stop until the tram stops completely.
1	Wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	stop	stop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
10	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the tram stop |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at stop=Location |
| 2 | **stop** | present | the tram |  |  |  |  | completely *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trams run on rails in the middle of the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x3:1
# text = Trams run on rails in the middle of the road.
1	Trams	tram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	run	run	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	rails	rail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | Trams |  |  | rails |  | in the middle of the road | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rail=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melbourne has lots of trams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x4:1
# text = Melbourne has lots of trams.
1	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	trams	tram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Melbourne | lots of trams |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Look both ways before you cross the tram lines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x5:1
# text = Look both ways before you cross the tram lines.
1	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cross	cross	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* | both ways |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **cross** | present | you | the tram lines |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tram rang its bell.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x6:1
# text = The tram rang its bell.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ring** | past | the tram | tram's bell |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bell=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bikes can slip on wet tram tracks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tram:x7:1
# text = Bikes can slip on wet tram tracks.
1	Bikes	bike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	slip	slip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tracks	track	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slip** | can | Bikes |  |  | wet tram tracks |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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