---
title: treaty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «treaty» in the school dictionary: A written agreement between countries or nations, for example to end a war, to trade or to share land. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# treaty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** two countries, Treaty, Breaking, Leaders, you, we · **What happens:** write, end, trade, share, sign, be · **To what, where:** war, land, peace treaty, New Zealand, treaty, Many treaties · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«treaty» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [treaty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/treaty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A written agreement between countries or nations, for example to end a war, to trade or to share land.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:m1:1
# text = A written agreement between countries or nations, for example to end a war, to trade or to share land.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	end	end	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	trade	trade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	share	share	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
21	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **end** | to-infinitive |  | a war |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality war=Eventuality |
| 3 | **trade** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **share** | to-infinitive |  | land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two countries signed a peace treaty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x1:1
# text = The two countries signed a peace treaty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | the two countries | a peace treaty |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent treaty=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Treaty of Waitangi is very important in New Zealand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x2:1
# text = The Treaty of Waitangi is very important in New Zealand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Treaty	Treaty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Waitangi	Waitangi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
10	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Treaty of Waitangi |  |  | New Zealand |  | important *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breaking a treaty can lead to war.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x3:1
# text = Breaking a treaty can lead to war.
1	Breaking	break	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | gerund |  | a treaty |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer treaty=Patient |
| 2 | **lead** | can | Breaking |  |  |  |  | to war | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to war=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many treaties were made with Native American nations.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x4:1
# text = Many treaties were made with Native American nations.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	treaties	treaty	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	Native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive |  | Many treaties |  |  |  | with Native American nations | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The treaty allowed both sides to fish in the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x5:1
# text = The treaty allowed both sides to fish in the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	allowed	allow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | past | the treaty | both sides | fish | the sea |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent side=Theme to fish=Goal |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaders met to agree on the treaty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x6:1
# text = Leaders met to agree on the treaty.
1	Leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	agree	agree	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | past | Leaders |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **agree** *speech: agree* | to-infinitive | Leaders *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the treaty | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on treaty=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"And you," retorted the lion, "have not feared to break our treaty that engaged solemnly we should never interfere with each other."

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treaty:x7:1
# text = "And you," retorted the lion, "have not feared to break our treaty that engaged solemnly we should never interfere with each other."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
6	retorted	retort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	feared	fear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	engaged	engage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	solemnly	solemnly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	interfere	interfere	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	parataxis	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	24	obl	_	_
27	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retort** *speech: other* | past | you | the lion |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent lion=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **fear** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **break** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | our treaty |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer treaty=Patient |
| 4 | **engage** *in a quote* | past | our treaty |  |  |  |  | solemnly *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-2 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **not** **interfere** *in a quote* | should | we |  |  |  |  | with each | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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