---
title: tree — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «tree» in the school dictionary: A tree is a tall plant with a wooden trunk, branches and leaves. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# tree

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** tree, family tree, chart, tree diagram, drawing, 33 trees · **What happens:** be, show, plant, have, build, fall · **To what, where:** tall plant, chart, parents, drawing, choices, park · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«tree» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [tree in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/tree.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tree is a tall plant with a wooden trunk, branches and leaves.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:m1:1
# text = A tree is a tall plant with a wooden trunk, branches and leaves.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tree | a tall plant |  |  |  | with a wooden trunk and branches and leaves | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A family tree is a chart showing a family's parents, children and grandparents.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:m2:1
# text = A family tree is a chart showing a family's parents, children and grandparents.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chart	chart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	showing	show	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a family tree | a chart |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | gerund | a chart *not said here* |  | a family's parents and children and grandparents |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent parent=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tree diagram is a drawing with branches that shows choices or parts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:m3:1
# text = A tree diagram is a drawing with branches that shows choices or parts.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	diagram	diagram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	choices	choice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a tree diagram | a drawing |  |  |  | with branches | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | a drawing | choices or parts |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent choice=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 33 trees in the park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x1:1
# text = There are 33 trees in the park.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	33	33	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 33 trees |  |  | the park; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in park=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The workers planted 44 more trees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x2:1
# text = The workers planted 44 more trees.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	44	44	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past | the workers | 44 more trees |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each tree has 12 apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x3:1
# text = Each tree has 12 apples.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each tree | 12 apples |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many trees will there be?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x4:1
# text = How many trees will there be?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | future | many trees |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We built a tree house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x5:1
# text = We built a tree house.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | We | a tree house |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leaves fall from the trees in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x6:1
# text = The leaves fall from the trees in autumn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | the leaves |  |  | the trees | autumn |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can tell a tree's age by its rings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x7:1
# text = You can tell a tree's age by its rings.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | can | You | a tree's age |  |  |  | by age's rings | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent age=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw your family tree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x8:1
# text = Draw your family tree.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | your family tree |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds nest in the old oak tree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x9:1
# text = Birds nest in the old oak tree.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	nest	nest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nest** | present | Birds |  |  | the old oak tree |  |  | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't climb trees near power lines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:tree:x10:1
# text = Don't climb trees near power lines.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	climb	climb	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	near	near	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **climb** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | trees |  | power lines |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location tree=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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