---
title: treetop — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «treetop» in the school dictionary: A treetop is the highest part of a tree, its top branches and leaves. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# treetop

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**Who acts:** treetop, Birds, We, wind, Many rainforest animals, squirrel · **What happens:** be, swing, sing, do, whistle, not leave · **To what, where:** highest part, Monkeys, treetops, treetop walk, rope bridges, Two

<!-- .vabout -->
«treetop» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [treetop in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/treetop.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A treetop is the highest part of a tree, its top branches and leaves.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:m1:1
# text = A treetop is the highest part of a tree, its top branches and leaves.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	treetop	treetop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a treetop | the highest part |  |  |  | of a tree | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monkeys swung through the treetops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x1:1
# text = Monkeys swung through the treetops.
1	Monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	swung	swing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	treetops	treetop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | participle |  | Monkeys *not said here* |  | the treetops |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme through treetop=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds sang from the treetops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x2:1
# text = Birds sang from the treetops.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	treetops	treetop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | Birds |  |  | the treetops |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We did a treetop walk on rope bridges.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x3:1
# text = We did a treetop walk on rope bridges.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	treetop	treetop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	bridges	bridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | We | a treetop walk |  | rope bridges |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent walk=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind whistled through the treetops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x4:1
# text = The wind whistled through the treetops.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	whistled	whistle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	treetops	treetop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whistle** | past | the wind |  |  | the treetops |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through treetop=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many rainforest animals never leave the treetops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x5:1
# text = Many rainforest animals never leave the treetops.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	treetops	treetop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **leave** | present | Many rainforest animals | the treetops |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treetop=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The squirrel built its drey high in the treetop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x6:1
# text = The squirrel built its drey high in the treetop.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	squirrel	squirrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	drey	drey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	treetop	treetop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | the squirrel |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two of the strongest monkeys caught Mowgli under the arms and swung off with him through the treetops, twenty feet at a bound.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:treetop:x7:1
# text = Two of the strongest monkeys caught Mowgli under the arms and swung off with him through the treetops, twenty feet at a bound.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
6	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Mowgli	Mowgli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	swung	swing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	off	off	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
16	through	through	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	treetops	treetop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	bound	bound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past |  | Two |  | the arms |  | of the strongest monkeys | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mowgli=Theme |
| 2 | **swing off** | past |  |  |  | the treetops and twenty feet |  | with Mowgli; at a bound | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme through treetop=Source at bound=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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