---
title: trend — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «trend» in the school dictionary: A general direction in which something is changing or developing: «a trend towards healthier eating». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# trend

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, graph, Fidget spinners, trend, more children, video · **What happens:** change, develop, eat, move, talk, trend · **To what, where:** general direction, social media, upward trend, big trend, school, latest trends · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«trend» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [trend in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/trend.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A general direction in which something is changing or developing: «a trend towards healthier eating».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:m1:1
# text = A general direction in which something is changing or developing: «a trend towards healthier eating».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	changing	change	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	developing	develop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	trend	trend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
15	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	healthier	healthy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	17	amod	_	_
17	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present · progressive | something |  |  | a general direction and a trend |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **develop** | gerund | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fashion or craze: «the latest trend».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:m2:1
# text = A fashion or craze: «the latest trend».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fashion	fashion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	craze	craze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	latest	late	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	trend	trend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To move in a general direction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:m3:1
# text = To move in a general direction.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a general direction |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, online — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be talked about a lot online at a particular moment: «trending on social media».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:m4:1
# text = To be talked about a lot online at a particular moment: «trending on social media».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	talked	talk	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	online	online	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	trending	trend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	social	social	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	media	media	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  | moment | about a lot; online *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **trend** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  | social media |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The graph shows an upward trend in temperatures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x1:1
# text = The graph shows an upward trend in temperatures.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	graph	graph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	upward	upward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trend	trend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	temperatures	temperature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the graph | a upward trend |  |  |  | in temperatures | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent trend=Patient in temperature=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fidget spinners were a big trend at our school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x2:1
# text = Fidget spinners were a big trend at our school.
1	Fidget	fidget	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	spinners	spinner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trend	trend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Fidget spinners | a big trend |  | our school |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a trend towards more children walking to school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x3:1
# text = There is a trend towards more children walking to school.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	trend	trend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a trend towards more children |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **walk** | gerund | more children *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to school *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to school=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That video is trending on social media.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x4:1
# text = That video is trending on social media.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	trending	trend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	social	social	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	media	media	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trend** | present · progressive | that video |  |  | social media |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My sister always follows the latest trends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x5:1
# text = My sister always follows the latest trends.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	latest	late	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	trends	trend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | My sister | the latest trends |  |  |  | always *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trend=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prices have trended down over the last few months.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x6:1
# text = Prices have trended down over the last few months.
1	Prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	trended	trend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trend down** | present · perfect | Prices |  |  |  | month |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Look at the data and describe the trend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trend:x7:1
# text = Look at the data and describe the trend.
1	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	data	data	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trend	trend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the data | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at data=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the trend |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent trend=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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