---
title: trudge — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «trudge» in the school dictionary: To trudge is to walk slowly and heavily because you are tired, or because the ground is hard to walk on. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# trudge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, ground, trudge, We, soldiers, team · **What happens:** trudge, be, walk on, trudge back, lade · **To what, where:** long tiring walk, snow, muddy road, changing room, long trudge, school

<!-- .vabout -->
«trudge» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [trudge in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/trudge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To trudge is to walk slowly and heavily because you are tired, or because the ground is hard to walk on.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:m1:1
# text = To trudge is to walk slowly and heavily because you are tired, or because the ground is hard to walk on.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	trudge	trudge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	heavily	heavily	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
22	on	on	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | slowly, walk *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | the ground |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **walk on** | to-infinitive | the ground *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A trudge is a long, tiring walk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:m2:1
# text = A trudge is a long, tiring walk.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trudge	trudge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	tiring	tiring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a trudge | a long tiring walk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We trudged home through the snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x1:1
# text = We trudged home through the snow.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	trudged	trudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	home	home	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge** | past | We |  |  | the snow |  | home *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through snow=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The soldiers trudged along the muddy road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x2:1
# text = The soldiers trudged along the muddy road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	trudged	trudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge** | past | the soldiers |  |  | the muddy road |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along road=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the match, the team trudged back to the changing room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x3:1
# text = After the match, the team trudged back to the changing room.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	trudged	trudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	changing	changing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge back** | past | the team |  |  | the changing room | after the match |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to room=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a long trudge up the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x4:1
# text = It was a long trudge up the hill.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	trudge	trudge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a long trudge |  |  |  | up the hill | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She trudged to school with her heavy bag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x5:1
# text = She trudged to school with her heavy bag.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	trudged	trudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge** | past | She |  |  | school |  | with her heavy bag | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to school=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The explorers trudged across the ice for days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x6:1
# text = The explorers trudged across the ice for days.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	trudged	trudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge** | past | the explorers |  |  | the ice | day |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across ice=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
TWO MULES well-laden with packs were trudging along.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trudge:x7:1
# text = TWO MULES well-laden with packs were trudging along.
1	TWO	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	MULES	mule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
3	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	laden	lade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	packs	pack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	trudging	trudge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	along	along	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lade** | participle |  | TWO MULES *not said here* |  |  |  | with packs; well *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **trudge** | past · progressive | TWO MULES |  |  |  |  | along *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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