---
title: trundle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «trundle» in the school dictionary: To trundle is to roll along slowly and heavily, with a rumbling or bumping sound. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# trundle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** milk cart, Lambikin, old man, We, bus · **What happens:** trundle, be, bump, trundle down, trundle along, sing · **To what, where:** sound, lane, Lambikin, barrow, bus, school

<!-- .vabout -->
«trundle» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [trundle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/trundle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To trundle is to roll along slowly and heavily, with a rumbling or bumping sound.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trundle:m1:1
# text = To trundle is to roll along slowly and heavily, with a rumbling or bumping sound.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	trundle	trundle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	roll	roll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	along	along	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	heavily	heavily	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rumbling	rumbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	bumping	bump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
16	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trundle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with a rumbling; along, roll, slowly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **bump** | gerund |  | sound |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The milk cart trundled down the lane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trundle:x1:1
# text = The milk cart trundled down the lane.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	trundled	trundle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lane	lane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trundle down** | participle | the milk cart *not said here* | the lane |  |  |  |  | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lane=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lambikin trundled along, singing to himself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trundle:x2:1
# text = Lambikin trundled along, singing to himself.
1	Lambikin	Lambikin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	trundled	trundle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	along	along	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trundle along** | past | Lambikin |  |  |  |  | along *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | Lambikin *not said here* |  | Lambikin |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old man trundled his barrow up the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trundle:x3:1
# text = The old man trundled his barrow up the hill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	trundled	trundle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	barrow	barrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trundle** | past | the old man | man's barrow |  |  |  | up the hill | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barrow=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard the bus trundling past the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:trundle:x4:1
# text = We heard the bus trundling past the school.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	trundling	trundle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	past	past	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | the bus |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer bus=Stimulus |
| 2 | **trundle** | gerund | the bus *not said here* |  |  | the school |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past school=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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