---
title: truthfulness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «truthfulness» in the school dictionary: Truthfulness is being honest and always telling the truth. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# truthfulness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Truthfulness, something, they, teacher, Reporters, We · **What happens:** be, tell, check, praise, know, not be · **To what, where:** truth, truthfulness, Sam, important part, Grandpa, trust · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«truthfulness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [truthfulness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/truthfulness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Truthfulness is being honest and always telling the truth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:m1:1
# text = Truthfulness is being honest and always telling the truth.
1	Truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
4	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Truthfulness |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | Truthfulness *not said here* | the truth |  |  |  | always *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Truthfulness is how true or accurate something is: they checked the truthfulness of the story.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:m2:1
# text = Truthfulness is how true or accurate something is: they checked the truthfulness of the story.
1	Truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
4	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Truthfulness |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Truthfulness *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **check** | past | they | the truthfulness of the story |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truthfulness=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher praised Sam for his truthfulness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x1:1
# text = The teacher praised Sam for his truthfulness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	praised	praise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **praise** | past | the teacher | Sam |  |  |  | for teacher's truthfulness | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent sam=Theme for truthfulness=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Truthfulness is an important part of friendship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x2:1
# text = Truthfulness is an important part of friendship.
1	Truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Truthfulness | a important part |  |  |  | of friendship | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reporters must check the truthfulness of every story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x3:1
# text = Reporters must check the truthfulness of every story.
1	Reporters	reporter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | must | Reporters | the truthfulness of every story |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truthfulness=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa was known for his kindness and truthfulness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x4:1
# text = Grandpa was known for his kindness and truthfulness.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past · passive |  | Grandpa |  |  |  | for Grandpa's kindness and truthfulness | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We can't be sure of the truthfulness of that rumour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x5:1
# text = We can't be sure of the truthfulness of that rumour.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | can | We |  |  |  |  | of the truthfulness of that rumour; sure *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Truthfulness builds trust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x6:1
# text = Truthfulness builds trust.
1	Truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	builds	build	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | Truthfulness | trust |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset trust=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The truthfulness and life in this picture interested every one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:truthfulness:x7:1
# text = The truthfulness and life in this picture interested every one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	interested	interested	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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