---
title: turbid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «turbid» in the school dictionary: Turbid water or liquid is cloudy or muddy because it has mud, sand or other bits stirred up in it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# turbid

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Turbid water, liquid, river, We, pond water, Fish · **What happens:** be, have, stir up, describe, test, find · **To what, where:** mud, other bits, liquid, confused thoughts, it, turbid water

<!-- .vabout -->
«turbid» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [turbid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/turbid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turbid water or liquid is cloudy or muddy because it has mud, sand or other bits stirred up in it.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:m1:1
# text = Turbid water or liquid is cloudy or muddy because it has mud, sand or other bits stirred up in it.
1	Turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
12	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
18	stirred	stir	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Turbid water or liquid |  |  |  |  | cloudy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Turbid water or liquid *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | present | liquid | mud and sand or other bits |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mud=Patient |
| 4 | **stir up** | participle |  | other bits *not said here* |  | liquid |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turbid can also describe confused or unclear thoughts or writing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:m2:1
# text = Turbid can also describe confused or unclear thoughts or writing.
1	Turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	confused	confused	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	unclear	unclear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | can |  | confused thoughts or writing |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent thought=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the storm the river was turbid and brown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:x1:1
# text = After the storm the river was turbid and brown.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the river |  |  |  | after the storm | turbid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the river *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We tested whether the pond water was clear or turbid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:x2:1
# text = We tested whether the pond water was clear or turbid.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the pond water |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the pond water *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish find it hard to see in turbid water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:x3:1
# text = Fish find it hard to see in turbid water.
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present | Fish | it |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | turbid water |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The turbid water slowly cleared as the mud settled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:x4:1
# text = The turbid water slowly cleared as the mud settled.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	cleared	clear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	settled	settle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clear** | past | the turbid water |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **settle** | past | the mud |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Filtering made the turbid sample clear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:x5:1
# text = Filtering made the turbid sample clear.
1	Filtering	filtering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sample	sample	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Filtering | the turbid sample |  |  |  | clear *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sample=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The essay was turbid and hard to follow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turbid:x6:1
# text = The essay was turbid and hard to follow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	essay	essay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the essay |  |  |  |  | turbid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the essay *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **follow** | to-infinitive | the essay *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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