---
title: turnpike — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «turnpike» in the school dictionary: A road with a toll gate, where travellers paid money to pass. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/turnpike/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [T](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/) / turnpike

# turnpike

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** road, toll keeper, carriage, coach · **What happens:** pay, pass, stand, stop · **To what, where:** money, turnpike gate, toll, turnpike

<!-- .vabout -->
«turnpike» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [turnpike in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/turnpike.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A road with a toll gate, where travellers paid money to pass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turnpike:m1:1
# text = A road with a toll gate, where travellers paid money to pass.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
9	travellers	traveller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | a road with a toll gate | money |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | a road with a toll gate *not said here* | money *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toll-keeper stood at the turnpike gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turnpike:x1:1
# text = The toll-keeper stood at the turnpike gate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	keeper	keeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	turnpike	turnpike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the toll keeper |  |  | the turnpike gate |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at gate=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each carriage paid a toll at the turnpike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turnpike:x2:1
# text = Each carriage paid a toll at the turnpike.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	carriage	carriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	toll	toll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	turnpike	turnpike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | each carriage | a toll |  | the turnpike |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toll=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach stopped at the turnpike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:turnpike:x3:1
# text = The coach stopped at the turnpike.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	turnpike	turnpike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the coach |  |  | the turnpike |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at turnpike=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [turnout](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/turnout/)
- next →: [turnspit](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/turnspit/)
- ↑ back to [T in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/)