---
title: typographical — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «typographical» in the school dictionary: To do with typing or printing letters and words. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# typographical

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** typographical error, newspaper, sign, Typographical errors, you, printer · **What happens:** do, be, make, type, apologise, say · **To what, where:** mistake, printing, typographical error, typographical problems, 50, 500 · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«typographical» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [typographical in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/typographical.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To do with typing or printing letters and words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:m1:1
# text = To do with typing or printing letters and words.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	typing	typing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with typing or printing letters and words | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«A typographical error» (a typo) is a mistake made when typing or printing, such as a wrong or missing letter.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:m2:1
# text = «A typographical error» (a typo) is a mistake made when typing or printing, such as a wrong or missing letter.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	typo	typo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
15	typing	type	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
19	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	25	case	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
22	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	missing	missing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
25	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a typographical error | a mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a mistake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **type** | gerund |  | printing and a wrong letter |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent printing=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a typographical error on page five: «teh» should be «the».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x1:1
# text = There is a typographical error on page five: «teh» should be «the».
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	teh	teh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	cop	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a typographical error on page |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The newspaper apologised for a typographical mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x2:1
# text = The newspaper apologised for a typographical mistake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	apologised	apologise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apologise** *speech: apologize* | past | the newspaper |  |  |  |  | for a typographical mistake | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign said «Stoop» instead of «Stop», a typographical error.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x3:1
# text = The sign said «Stoop» instead of «Stop», a typographical error.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Stoop	stoop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	instead	instead	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	error	error	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the sign | a typographical error |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stoop** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stop** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | instead *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Typographical errors are easy to miss when you read fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x4:1
# text = Typographical errors are easy to miss when you read fast.
1	Typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	errors	error	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	miss	miss	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	read	read	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
10	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Typographical errors |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **miss** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **read** | present | you |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The printer fixed the typographical problems before the book came out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x5:1
# text = The printer fixed the typographical problems before the book came out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	printer	printer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	out	out	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | past | the printer | the typographical problems |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent problem=Patient |
| 2 | **come out** | past | the book |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A typographical slip turned 50 into 500 on the price tag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x6:1
# text = A typographical slip turned 50 into 500 on the price tag.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	slip	slip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	500	500	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	tag	tag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | a typographical slip | 50 |  | 500 |  | on the price tag | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent 50=Theme into 500=Source on tag=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Typographical problems have been changed and are listed below.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:typographical:x7:1
# text = Typographical problems have been changed and are listed below.
1	Typographical	typographical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	listed	list	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
9	below	below	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present · perfect · passive |  | Typographical problems |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **list** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | below *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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