---
title: ukrainian — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ukrainian» in the school dictionary: Ukrainian means from or about Ukraine, a large country in eastern Europe. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ukrainian

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ukrainian, She, Ukrainian flag, new classmate, Borscht, We · **What happens:** mean, be, speak, write, paint · **To what, where:** Ukraine, Ukrainian person, language, Slavic language, Cyrillic alphabet, Ukrainian · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ukrainian» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ukrainian in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ukrainian.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainian means from or about Ukraine, a large country in eastern Europe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:m1:1
# text = Ukrainian means from or about Ukraine, a large country in eastern Europe.
1	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Ukrainian |  |  | Ukraine |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Ukrainian is a person from Ukraine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:m2:1
# text = A Ukrainian is a person from Ukraine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a Ukrainian person |  | Ukraine |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainian is the language spoken in Ukraine, a Slavic language written in the Cyrillic alphabet.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:m3:1
# text = Ukrainian is the language spoken in Ukraine, a Slavic language written in the Cyrillic alphabet.
1	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Slavic	slavic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
12	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Cyrillic	cyrillic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ukrainian | the language and a Slavic language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | the language and a Slavic language *not said here* |  | Ukraine |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **write** | participle |  | a Slavic language *not said here* |  | the Cyrillic alphabet |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in alphabet=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She speaks Ukrainian and English.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x1:1
# text = She speaks Ukrainian and English.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | She | Ukrainian and English |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ukrainian flag is blue and yellow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x2:1
# text = The Ukrainian flag is blue and yellow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Ukrainian flag |  |  |  |  | blue *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the Ukrainian flag *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our new classmate is Ukrainian.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x3:1
# text = Our new classmate is Ukrainian.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	classmate	classmate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our new classmate |  |  |  |  | ukrainian *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Borscht is a famous Ukrainian soup.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x4:1
# text = Borscht is a famous Ukrainian soup.
1	Borscht	borscht	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Borscht | a famous Ukrainian soup |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ukrainian is written in the Cyrillic alphabet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x5:1
# text = Ukrainian is written in the Cyrillic alphabet.
1	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Cyrillic	cyrillic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present · passive |  | Ukrainian |  | the Cyrillic alphabet |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in alphabet=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We painted eggs in the Ukrainian style.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x6:1
# text = We painted eggs in the Ukrainian style.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	style	style	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | We | eggs |  | the Ukrainian style |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in style=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kyiv is the Ukrainian capital.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ukrainian:x7:1
# text = Kyiv is the Ukrainian capital.
1	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Kyiv | the Ukrainian capital |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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