---
title: ulna — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ulna» in the school dictionary: The ulna is one of the two long bones in the forearm, between the elbow and the wrist; it is on the little-finger side. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ulna

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ulna, other forearm bone, you, that, She, radius · **What happens:** be, run, feel, point, break, fall off · **To what, where:** one, finger side, radius, elbow, bony point, end

<!-- .vabout -->
«ulna» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ulna in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ulna.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ulna is one of the two long bones in the forearm, between the elbow and the wrist; it is on the little-finger side.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:m1:1
# text = The ulna is one of the two long bones in the forearm, between the elbow and the wrist; it is on the little-finger side.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	forearm	forearm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	between	between	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	elbow	elbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	wrist	wrist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
25	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	finger	finger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the ulna | one and the finger side |  |  |  | of the two long bones in the forearm and the elbow and the wrist | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | ulna |  |  | the finger side |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The other forearm bone is the radius, on the thumb side.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:m2:1
# text = The other forearm bone is the radius, on the thumb side.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	forearm	forearm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	radius	radius	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	thumb	thumb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the other forearm bone | the radius and the thumb side |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ulna runs from your elbow to your wrist.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x1:1
# text = The ulna runs from your elbow to your wrist.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	elbow	elbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	wrist	wrist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | the ulna |  |  | your elbow |  | to your wrist *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to wrist=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feel the bony point of your elbow; that's the end of your ulna.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x2:1
# text = Feel the bony point of your elbow; that's the end of your ulna.
1	Feel	feel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	elbow	elbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | imperative | you *not said here* | the bony point of your elbow |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | that | the end |  |  |  | of your ulna | tree rules |
| 3 | **point** |  |  | your elbow |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She broke her ulna falling off her scooter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x3:1
# text = She broke her ulna falling off her scooter.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	scooter	scooter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | She | her ulna |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ulna=Patient |
| 2 | **fall off** | gerund | She *not said here* | her scooter |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient scooter=Extent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ulna is on the same side as your little finger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x4:1
# text = The ulna is on the same side as your little finger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	finger	finger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the ulna |  |  | the same side |  | as your little finger | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The radius and the ulna let you turn your palm up and down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x5:1
# text = The radius and the ulna let you turn your palm up and down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	radius	radius	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	up	up	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	down	down	ADV	RB	_	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | infinitive | the radius and the ulna | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your palm |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent palm=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds have an ulna in their wings too.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x6:1
# text = Birds have an ulna in their wings too.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Birds | a ulna |  | Birds's wings |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ulna=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The X-ray showed a crack in the ulna.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ulna:x7:1
# text = The X-ray showed a crack in the ulna.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ray	ray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ulna	ulna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the X ray | a crack |  |  |  | in the ulna | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent crack=Patient in ulna=Topic |

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<!-- /div -->

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