---
title: umbrella — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «umbrella» in the school dictionary: An umbrella is a cover of cloth on a folding frame and stick that keeps you dry in the rain. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/umbrella/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [U](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/) / umbrella

# umbrella

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** umbrella, stick, beach umbrella, umbrella term, shop, She · **What happens:** be, keep, keep off, cover, cost, sell · **To what, where:** cover, folding frame, you, sun., many smaller things, 9 dollars

<!-- .vabout -->
«umbrella» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [umbrella in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/umbrella.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An umbrella is a cover of cloth on a folding frame and stick that keeps you dry in the rain.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:m1:1
# text = An umbrella is a cover of cloth on a folding frame and stick that keeps you dry in the rain.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cover	cover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	folding	folding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	frame	frame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a umbrella | a cover |  | a folding frame and stick |  | of cloth | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present | stick | you |  |  |  | dry *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A beach umbrella or sun umbrella keeps off the sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:m2:1
# text = A beach umbrella or sun umbrella keeps off the sun.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep off** | present | a beach umbrella or sun umbrella | the sun. |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun.=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An umbrella term or group covers many smaller things together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:m3:1
# text = An umbrella term or group covers many smaller things together.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	covers	cover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present | a umbrella term or group | many smaller things |  |  |  | together *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An umbrella costs 9 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x1:1
# text = An umbrella costs 9 dollars.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a umbrella | 9 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop sold 14 umbrellas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x2:1
# text = The shop sold 14 umbrellas.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	umbrellas	umbrella	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | the shop | 14 umbrellas |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has 3 umbrellas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x3:1
# text = She has 3 umbrellas.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	umbrellas	umbrella	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | 3 umbrellas |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent umbrella=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many umbrellas are left?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x4:1
# text = How many umbrellas are left?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	umbrellas	umbrella	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | many umbrellas |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take an umbrella, it's going to rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x5:1
# text = Take an umbrella, it's going to rain.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | a umbrella |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | present · progressive | umbrella | rain |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sat in the shade of a beach umbrella.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x6:1
# text = We sat in the shade of a beach umbrella.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | We |  |  | the shade of a beach umbrella |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location |
| 2 | **shade** |  |  | a beach umbrella |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mary Poppins floated down holding her umbrella.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x7:1
# text = Mary Poppins floated down holding her umbrella.
1	Mary	Mary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Poppins	Poppins	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	floated	float	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float down** | past | Mary |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund | Mary *not said here* | Mary's umbrella |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind turned my umbrella inside out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x8:1
# text = The wind turned my umbrella inside out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | the wind | my umbrella |  |  |  | out *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then old Mrs. Rabbit took a basket and her umbrella, and went through the wood to the baker's.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umbrella:x9:1
# text = Then old Mrs. Rabbit took a basket and her umbrella, and went through the wood to the baker's.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	Mrs.	Mrs.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Rabbit	Rabbit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	baker	baker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | old Mrs. Rabbit | a basket and Rabbit's umbrella |  |  | then |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent basket=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | old Mrs. Rabbit *not said here* |  |  | the wood |  | to the baker | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme through wood=Initial\_Location to baker=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [ultraviolet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/ultraviolet/)
- next →: [ump](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/ump/)
- ↑ back to [U in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/)