---
title: umpire — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «umpire» in the school dictionary: An umpire is a person who watches a game to make sure the rules are followed and decides what happens, in sports like cricket, baseball, tennis and Australian rules football. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# umpire

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** umpire, person, batter, you, PE teacher, Players · **What happens:** be, watch, make, follow, decide, happen · **To what, where:** person, sports, game, rules, umpire, tennis · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«umpire» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [umpire in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/umpire.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An umpire is a person who watches a game to make sure the rules are followed and decides what happens, in sports like cricket, baseball, tennis and Australian rules football.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:m1:1
# text = An umpire is a person who watches a game to make sure the rules are followed and decides what happens, in sports like cricket, baseball, tennis and Australian rules football.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	watches	watch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	ccomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	decides	decide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	20	nsubj	_	_
20	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	baseball	baseball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	tennis	tennis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	Australian	Australian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	compound	_	_
33	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a umpire | a person and baseball and tennis and rules football |  | sports like cricket |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **watch** | present | a person and baseball and tennis and rules football | a game |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | a person and baseball and tennis and rules football *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **follow** | present · passive |  | the rules |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **decide** | present | a person and baseball and tennis and rules football *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **happen** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To umpire is to be the umpire in a game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:m2:1
# text = To umpire is to be the umpire in a game.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	umpire	umpire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **umpire** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the umpire |  | a game |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The umpire said the batter was out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x1:1
# text = The umpire said the batter was out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the umpire |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the batter |  |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In tennis the umpire sits on a tall chair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x2:1
# text = In tennis the umpire sits on a tall chair.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	tennis	tennis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | the umpire |  |  | tennis |  | on a tall chair | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in tennis=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always respect the umpire's decision.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x3:1
# text = Always respect the umpire's decision.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	respect	respect	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **respect** | imperative | you *not said here* | the umpire's decision |  |  |  | always *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer decision=Stimulus |
| 2 | **decide** |  | the umpire |  |  |  |  |  | nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baseball umpire called «Strike three!».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x4:1
# text = The baseball umpire called «Strike three!».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baseball	baseball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Strike	Strike	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | the baseball umpire *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our PE teacher umpired the netball match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x5:1
# text = Our PE teacher umpired the netball match.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	PE	pe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	umpired	umpire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	netball	netball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **umpire** | past | Our PE teacher | the netball match |  |  |  |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The umpire raised one finger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x6:1
# text = The umpire raised one finger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	finger	finger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | the umpire | one finger |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Players shook hands with the umpires after the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x7:1
# text = Players shook hands with the umpires after the game.
1	Players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	umpires	umpire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** | past | Players | hands |  |  | after the game | with the umpires | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient with umpire=Co-Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear came forward as umpire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:umpire:x8:1
# text = The bear came forward as umpire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	umpire	umpire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come forward** | past | the bear |  |  |  |  | as umpire; forward *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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