---
title: underarm — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «underarm» in the school dictionary: Underarm describes throwing or hitting with your hand below shoulder level, swinging the arm forwards and up. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# underarm

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Underarm, you, underarm throw, bowler, He, She · **What happens:** describe, throw, hit, swing, be, bowl · **To what, where:** arm, armpit, beanbag underarm, hoop, underarm, rounders

<!-- .vabout -->
«underarm» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [underarm in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/underarm.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Underarm describes throwing or hitting with your hand below shoulder level, swinging the arm forwards and up.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:m1:1
# text = Underarm describes throwing or hitting with your hand below shoulder level, swinging the arm forwards and up.
1	Underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	throwing	throw	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	hitting	hit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	below	below	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	swinging	swing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	forwards	forwards	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	up	up	ADV	RB	_	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | Underarm |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **throw** | gerund | Underarm *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **hit** | gerund | Underarm *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with your hand below shoulder level | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with hand=Instrument |
| 4 | **swing** | gerund | Underarm *not said here* | the arm |  |  |  | forwards *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent arm=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your underarm is your armpit, the hollow under the top of your arm.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:m2:1
# text = Your underarm is your armpit, the hollow under the top of your arm.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	armpit	armpit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hollow	hollow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
9	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your underarm | your armpit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throw the beanbag underarm into the hoop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:x1:1
# text = Throw the beanbag underarm into the hoop.
1	Throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	beanbag	beanbag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hoop	hoop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | imperative | you *not said here* | the beanbag underarm |  |  |  | into the hoop *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer underarm=Theme into hoop=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An underarm throw is good for short distances.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:x2:1
# text = An underarm throw is good for short distances.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	throw	throw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	distances	distance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a underarm throw |  |  |  |  | for short distances; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In rounders, the bowler bowls underarm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:x3:1
# text = In rounders, the bowler bowls underarm.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	rounders	rounder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bowler	bowler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	bowls	bowl	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bowl** | present | the bowler | underarm |  | rounders |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent underarm=Theme in rounder=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your underarms every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:x4:1
# text = Wash your underarms every day.
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	underarms	underarm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your underarms |  |  | day |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent underarm=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He served the ball underarm in tennis practice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:x5:1
# text = He served the ball underarm in tennis practice.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	served	serve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	tennis	tennis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | past | He | the ball underarm |  | tennis practice |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent underarm=Value in practice=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She caught the ball after a gentle underarm throw.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:underarm:x6:1
# text = She caught the ball after a gentle underarm throw.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	underarm	underarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	throw	throw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | She | the ball |  |  | after a gentle underarm throw |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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