---
title: undone — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «undone» in the school dictionary: Undone means not fastened or tied: an undone shoelace, button or zip. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# undone

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** work, it, you, top button, jobs, I · **What happens:** undo, mean, not fasten, tie, not finish, not do · **To what, where:** old stories, Something, shoelace, jobs, knot, wind · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«undone» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [undone in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/undone.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Undone means not fastened or tied: an undone shoelace, button or zip.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:m1:1
# text = Undone means not fastened or tied: an undone shoelace, button or zip.
1	Undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	undone	undone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	shoelace	shoelace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	zip	zip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **fasten** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **tie** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Undone means not finished or not done: work left undone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:m2:1
# text = Undone means not finished or not done: work left undone.
1	Undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **finish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **not** **do** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **leave** | past | work |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **undo** | participle | work *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old stories, «undone» means ruined or defeated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:m3:1
# text = In old stories, «undone» means ruined or defeated.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | old stories |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **ruin** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **defeat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something that cannot be undone cannot be changed back to how it was.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:m4:1
# text = Something that cannot be undone cannot be changed back to how it was.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl:relcl	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	back	back	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **undo** | can · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **change back** | can · passive |  | Something |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **be** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your shoelace is undone — tie it before you trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x1:1
# text = Your shoelace is undone — tie it before you trip.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shoelace	shoelace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	tie	tie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	trip	trip	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** | present · passive |  | Your shoelace |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **tie** | infinitive |  | shoelace |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **trip** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His top button came undone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x2:1
# text = His top button came undone.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	undone	undone	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | His top button |  |  |  |  | undone *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some jobs were left undone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x3:1
# text = Some jobs were left undone.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | some jobs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **undo** | participle | some jobs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knot came undone in the wind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x4:1
# text = The knot came undone in the wind.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knot	knot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** | past · passive |  | the knot |  | the wind |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I clicked undo, and the change was undone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x5:1
# text = I clicked undo, and the change was undone.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	clicked	click	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	undo	undo	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **click** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **undo** | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **undo** | past · passive |  | the change |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her zip was undone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x6:1
# text = Her zip was undone.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	zip	zip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **undo** | past · passive |  | Her zip |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is done cannot be undone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undone:x7:1
# text = What is done cannot be undone.
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	undone	undo	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **not** **undo** | can · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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