---
title: undue — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «undue» in the school dictionary: Undue means more than is needed, right or sensible; too much. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# undue

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Undue, you, bus, loud phone, Doctors, cause · **What happens:** mean, need, not mean, owe, pay, try · **To what, where:** more, undue pressure, undue attention, him, place undue weight, one leg · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«undue» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [undue in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/undue.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Undue means more than is needed, right or sensible; too much.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:m1:1
# text = Undue means more than is needed, right or sensible; too much.
1	Undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	obj	_	_
4	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	right	right	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	sensible	sensible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	too	too	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Undue | more |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Topic |
| 2 | **need** | present · passive | Undue *not said here* |  |  |  |  | right *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Undue can also mean not yet owed or due to be paid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:m2:1
# text = Undue can also mean not yet owed or due to be paid.
1	Undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
6	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	owed	owe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	7	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | can | Undue |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **owe** | participle |  |  |  |  | yet |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pay** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Try not to put undue pressure on yourself before the test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:x1:1
# text = Try not to put undue pressure on yourself before the test.
1	Try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obl	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **not** **put** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | undue pressure |  |  | before the test | on yourself | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pressure=Theme on yourself=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bus arrived without undue delay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:x2:1
# text = The bus arrived without undue delay.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	delay	delay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | the bus |  |  |  |  | without undue delay | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The loud phone drew undue attention to him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:x3:1
# text = The loud phone drew undue attention to him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | the loud phone | undue attention | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent attention=Theme to he=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors said there was no cause for undue worry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:x4:1
# text = Doctors said there was no cause for undue worry.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	worry	worry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Doctors |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | past | no cause for undue worry |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't place undue weight on one leg after the sprain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:x5:1
# text = Don't place undue weight on one leg after the sprain.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
3	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sprain	sprain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* | place undue weight |  | one leg | after the sprain |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach gave undue praise to only one player.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:undue:x6:1
# text = The coach gave undue praise to only one player.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	undue	undue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the coach | undue praise | one player |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent praise=Theme to player=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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