---
title: unfortunate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unfortunate» in the school dictionary: Having bad luck; unlucky. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# unfortunate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** It, unfortunate boy, unfortunate mix up, Calling, shop, kind woman · **What happens:** have, cause, be, rain, drop, send · **To what, where:** bad luck, problems, ice cream, parcel, wrong town, new teacher · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«unfortunate» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unfortunate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unfortunate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having bad luck; unlucky.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:m1:1
# text = Having bad luck; unlucky.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	unlucky	unlucky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  | bad luck |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent luck=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Causing problems or sad results: an unfortunate accident.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:m2:1
# text = Causing problems or sad results: an unfortunate accident.
1	Causing	cause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	results	result	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | gerund |  | problems or sad results |  |  |  | a unfortunate accident *obl* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition problem=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not suitable and a bit embarrassing: an unfortunate remark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:m3:1
# text = Not suitable and a bit embarrassing: an unfortunate remark.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	suitable	suitable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	embarrassing	embarrassing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	remark	remark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A poor or unlucky person.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:m4:1
# text = A poor or unlucky person.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	unlucky	unlucky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was unfortunate that it rained on sports day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x1:1
# text = It was unfortunate that it rained on sports day.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rained	rain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	compound	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | unfortunate *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rain** | past | it |  |  |  | day |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The unfortunate boy dropped his ice cream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x2:1
# text = The unfortunate boy dropped his ice cream.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | past | the unfortunate boy | boy's ice cream |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cream=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unfortunate mix-up sent our parcel to the wrong town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x3:1
# text = An unfortunate mix-up sent our parcel to the wrong town.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	mix	mix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	parcel	parcel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | a unfortunate mix up | our parcel |  | the wrong town |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent parcel=Theme to town=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calling the new teacher by the wrong name was an unfortunate slip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x4:1
# text = Calling the new teacher by the wrong name was an unfortunate slip.
1	Calling	call	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	slip	slip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | gerund |  |  | the new teacher |  |  | by the wrong name | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Calling | a unfortunate slip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unfortunately, the shop was shut.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x5:1
# text = Unfortunately, the shop was shut.
1	Unfortunately	unfortunately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the shop |  |  |  |  | shut, unfortunately *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kind woman helped the unfortunates of the town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x6:1
# text = The kind woman helped the unfortunates of the town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	unfortunates	unfortunate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | the kind woman | the unfortunates of the town |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unfortunate=Beneficiary |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What had become of all these unfortunate children?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unfortunate:x7:1
# text = What had become of all these unfortunate children?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	unfortunate	unfortunate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | of all unfortunate children | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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