---
title: unhappiness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unhappiness» in the school dictionary: Unhappiness is the feeling of being sad or not happy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# unhappiness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Unhappiness, Losing, Talking, Bullying, story, Always · **What happens:** be, not be, cancel, show, lose, cause · **To what, where:** feeling, class, trip, face, pet, great unhappiness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«unhappiness» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unhappiness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unhappiness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unhappiness is the feeling of being sad or not happy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:m1:1
# text = Unhappiness is the feeling of being sad or not happy.
1	Unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
7	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Unhappiness | the feeling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was unhappiness in the class when the trip was cancelled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x1:1
# text = There was unhappiness in the class when the trip was cancelled.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	cancelled	cancel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | unhappiness |  |  | the class; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in class=Location |
| 2 | **cancel** | past · passive |  | the trip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His unhappiness showed on his face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x2:1
# text = His unhappiness showed on his face.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | His unhappiness |  |  | unhappiness's face |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Losing her pet caused great unhappiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x3:1
# text = Losing her pet caused great unhappiness.
1	Losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund |  | her pet |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pet=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cause** | past | Losing | great unhappiness |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition unhappiness=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Talking to Mum eased his unhappiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x4:1
# text = Talking to Mum eased his unhappiness.
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Mum	Mum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	eased	ease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | gerund |  |  | Mum |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to mum=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **ease** | past | Talking | his unhappiness |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent unhappiness=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bullying causes a lot of unhappiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x5:1
# text = Bullying causes a lot of unhappiness.
1	Bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Bullying | a lot of unhappiness |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition lot=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story ends with the end of unhappiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x6:1
# text = The story ends with the end of unhappiness.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | present | the story |  |  |  | with the end of unhappiness |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with end=Subeventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always stop to think whether your fun may not be the cause of another's unhappiness.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unhappiness:x7:1
# text = Always stop to think whether your fun may not be the cause of another's unhappiness.
1	Always	alway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
8	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	unhappiness	unhappiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | Always |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Always *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is a** | may | your fun | the cause |  |  |  | of another's unhappiness | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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