---
title: unlit — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unlit» in the school dictionary: Not having lights switched on; dark: an unlit street. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# unlit

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lights, you, path, We, unlit candle, Cyclists · **What happens:** not have, switch on, not set, burn, be, take · **To what, where:** unlit candle, fire, torch, unlit lane, table, unlit roads

<!-- .vabout -->
«unlit» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unlit in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unlit.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not having lights switched on; dark: an unlit street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:m1:1
# text = Not having lights switched on; dark: an unlit street.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
3	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	switched	switch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **switch on** | past | lights |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not set on fire or burning: an unlit candle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:m2:1
# text = Not set on fire or burning: an unlit candle.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	set	set	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **set** | imperative | you *not said here* | a unlit candle |  | fire |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on fire=Destination |
| 2 | **burn** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The path through the park is unlit, so take a torch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:x1:1
# text = The path through the park is unlit, so take a torch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	torch	torch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the path through the park |  |  |  |  | unlit *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | infinitive |  | a torch |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent torch=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We walked carefully down the unlit lane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:x2:1
# text = We walked carefully down the unlit lane.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	lane	lane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | We |  |  | the unlit lane |  | carefully *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down lane=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unlit candle stood on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:x3:1
# text = An unlit candle stood on the table.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | a unlit candle |  |  | the table |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on table=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cyclists must not ride on unlit roads without lights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:x4:1
# text = Cyclists must not ride on unlit roads without lights.
1	Cyclists	cyclist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	ride	ride	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **ride** | must | Cyclists |  |  | unlit roads |  | without lights | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old house was unlit and silent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:x5:1
# text = The old house was unlit and silent.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the old house |  |  |  |  | unlit *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the old house *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bonfire was still unlit when we arrived.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unlit:x6:1
# text = The bonfire was still unlit when we arrived.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bonfire	bonfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	unlit	unlit	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the bonfire |  |  |  | still | unlit *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **arrive** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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