---
title: unofficially — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unofficially» in the school dictionary: Unofficially means not in an official or formal way; not approved, announced or recorded by the people in charge. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/unofficially/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [U](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/) / unofficially

# unofficially

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mia, He, teacher, we, record · **What happens:** not mean, not approve, announce, record, mean, say · **To what, where:** official, something, best speller, race, charge, longer break · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«unofficially» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unofficially in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unofficially.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unofficially means not in an official or formal way; not approved, announced or recorded by the people in charge.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:m1:1
# text = Unofficially means not in an official or formal way; not approved, announced or recorded by the people in charge.
1	Unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	official	official	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	approved	approve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	announced	announce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	recorded	record	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl:agent	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | present |  | a official or formal way |  |  |  | unofficially *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent official=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **approve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **announce** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **record** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unofficially can mean privately or secretly, before something is officially said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:m2:1
# text = Unofficially can mean privately or secretly, before something is officially said.
1	Unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	privately	privately	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
11	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  | privately, unofficially *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | something |  |  |  | officially *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unofficially, Mia is the class's best speller.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:x1:1
# text = Unofficially, Mia is the class's best speller.
1	Unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	speller	speller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mia | the class's best speller |  |  |  | unofficially *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The race was unofficially timed with a phone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:x2:1
# text = The race was unofficially timed with a phone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	timed	time	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **time** | past · passive |  | the race |  |  |  | with a phone; unofficially *property* | vn register-54.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was unofficially in charge of the snacks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:x3:1
# text = He was unofficially in charge of the snacks.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	snacks	snack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  | charge |  | of the snacks; unofficially *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unofficially, the teacher said we'd get a longer break.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:x4:1
# text = Unofficially, the teacher said we'd get a longer break.
1	Unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the teacher |  |  |  |  | unofficially *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **get** | would | we | a longer break |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer break=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hill is unofficially called Dragon's Back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:x5:1
# text = The hill is unofficially called Dragon's Back.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	Dragon	Dragon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	Back	Back	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | the hill |  |  |  | unofficially *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The record was set unofficially, so it doesn't count.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unofficially:x6:1
# text = The record was set unofficially, so it doesn't count.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	unofficially	unofficially	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | past · passive |  | the record |  |  |  | unofficially *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **not** **count** | present · do-support | record |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [unofficial](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/unofficial/)
- next →: [unopened](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/unopened/)
- ↑ back to [U in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/U/)