---
title: unread — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unread» in the school dictionary: Unread means not read yet. An unread book or message is one nobody has read. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# unread

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Unread, unread book, nobody, unread person, She, book · **What happens:** mean, not read, be, read, have, lay · **To what, where:** one, someone, 12 unread books, shelf, 200 pages, 75 · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«unread» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unread in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unread.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unread means not read yet. An unread book or message is one nobody has read.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Unread means not read yet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:m1:1
# text = Unread means not read yet.
1	Unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
5	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Unread |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **read** | participle |  |  |  |  | yet |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* An unread book or message is one nobody has read.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:m1:2
# text = An unread book or message is one nobody has read.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
8	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a unread book or message | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **read** | present · perfect | nobody |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unread person is someone who has not read much (rare).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:m2:1
# text = An unread person is someone who has not read much (rare).
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	much	much	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a unread person | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **read** | present · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has 12 unread books on her shelf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x1:1
# text = She has 12 unread books on her shelf.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shelf	shelf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | 12 unread books |  | her shelf |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book has 200 pages; 75 are read. How many are unread?

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The book has 200 pages; 75 are read.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x2:1
# text = The book has 200 pages; 75 are read.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	75	75	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the book | 200 pages |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Patient |
| 2 | **read** | present · passive |  | 75 |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How many are unread?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x2:2
# text = How many are unread?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | many |  |  |  |  | unread *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had 9 unread messages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x3:1
# text = He had 9 unread messages.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | He | 9 unread messages |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After reading 4 letters, 3 were still unread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x4:1
# text = After reading 4 letters, 3 were still unread.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	reading	read	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | gerund | 3 *not said here* | 4 letters |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | past | 3 |  |  |  | still | unread *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The letter lay unread on the table for a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x5:1
# text = The letter lay unread on the table for a week.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | the letter |  |  | the table | week | unread *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on table=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My phone shows 5 unread texts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x6:1
# text = My phone shows 5 unread texts.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	texts	text	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | My phone | 5 unread texts |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent text=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Half of the pages are still unread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x7:1
# text = Half of the pages are still unread.
1	Half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	still	still	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Half of the pages |  |  |  | still | unread *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He returned the library book unread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unread:x8:1
# text = He returned the library book unread.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	unread	unread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | He | the library book |  |  |  | unread *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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