---
title: unreadable — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unreadable» in the school dictionary: Unreadable writing is so messy, faded or small that you cannot read it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# unreadable

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Unreadable writing, you, unreadable book, unreadable face, person, computer · **What happens:** be, fade, not read, write, keep, read · **To what, where:** writing, feeling, unreadable file, note, letter, memory stick · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«unreadable» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unreadable in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unreadable.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unreadable writing is so messy, faded or small that you cannot read it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:m1:1
# text = Unreadable writing is so messy, faded or small that you cannot read it.
1	Unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	messy	messy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	faded	fade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Unreadable writing |  |  |  |  | messy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fade** | participle | Unreadable writing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **be** |  | Unreadable writing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **read** | can | you | writing |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unreadable book or text is so boring or badly written that it is hard to keep reading.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:m2:1
# text = An unreadable book or text is so boring or badly written that it is hard to keep reading.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	boring	boring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
11	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	expl	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a unreadable book or text |  |  |  |  | boring *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | participle | a unreadable book or text *not said here* |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | a unreadable book or text *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **keep** | to-infinitive | a unreadable book or text *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **read** | gerund | a unreadable book or text *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unreadable face shows no feeling, so you cannot tell what the person thinks.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:m3:1
# text = An unreadable face shows no feeling, so you cannot tell what the person thinks.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
13	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	16	obj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	thinks	think	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a unreadable face | no feeling |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent feeling=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | present | the person |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computers — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unreadable file or disk cannot be opened by the computer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:m4:1
# text = An unreadable file or disk cannot be opened by the computer.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	file	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	disk	disk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **open** | can · passive | the computer | a unreadable file or disk |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rain made the note unreadable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:x1:1
# text = The rain made the note unreadable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the rain | the note |  |  |  | unreadable *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset note=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor's handwriting was unreadable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:x2:1
# text = The doctor's handwriting was unreadable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	handwriting	handwriting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the doctor's handwriting |  |  |  |  | unreadable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **handwrite** |  | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | nom handwriting «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old gravestone was worn and unreadable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:x3:1
# text = The old gravestone was worn and unreadable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	gravestone	gravestone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	worn	worn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the old gravestone |  |  |  |  | worn *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the old gravestone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book was so dull it was unreadable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:x4:1
# text = The book was so dull it was unreadable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the book |  |  |  |  | dull *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | book |  |  |  |  | unreadable *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her face was unreadable as she opened the letter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:x5:1
# text = Her face was unreadable as she opened the letter.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Her face |  |  |  |  | unreadable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **open** | past | she | the letter |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location letter=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The memory stick was damaged and the files were unreadable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unreadable:x6:1
# text = The memory stick was damaged and the files were unreadable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	files	file	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	unreadable	unreadable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | past · passive |  | the memory stick |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | the files |  |  |  |  | unreadable *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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