---
title: unsigned — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «unsigned» in the school dictionary: Not signed; with no name written on it: «an unsigned letter». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# unsigned

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** unsigned number, letter, we, permission slip, Your, King · **What happens:** not sign, write, not have, have, not be, be · **To what, where:** name, contract, minus sign, letter, mischief, adult · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«unsigned» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [unsigned in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/unsigned.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not signed; with no name written on it: «an unsigned letter».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:m1:1
# text = Not signed; with no name written on it: «an unsigned letter».
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	signed	sign	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sign** | participle |  | no name |  |  |  |  | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP.recipient that S»: agent=Agent name=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **write** | participle |  | no name *not said here* |  | name |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on it=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: music, sport — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not having a contract with a record company or a team: «an unsigned band».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:m2:1
# text = Not having a contract with a record company or a team: «an unsigned band».
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	contract	contract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | gerund |  | a contract |  |  |  | with a record company or a team; a unsigned band *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent contract=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: maths, computing — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unsigned number has no plus or minus sign and is never negative.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:m3:1
# text = An unsigned number has no plus or minus sign and is never negative.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
6	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	minus	minus	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	negative	negative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a unsigned number | no minus sign |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | a unsigned number *not said here* |  |  |  |  | negative *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The letter was unsigned, so we don't know who sent it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:x1:1
# text = The letter was unsigned, so we don't know who sent it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the letter |  |  |  |  | unsigned *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **send** | past |  | letter |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your permission slip is still unsigned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:x2:1
# text = Your permission slip is still unsigned.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	slip	slip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	still	still	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Your permission slip |  |  |  | still | unsigned *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **slip** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom slip «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The King said an unsigned letter proved the Knave meant mischief.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:x3:1
# text = The King said an unsigned letter proved the Knave meant mischief.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	proved	prove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Knave	Knave	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
11	mischief	mischief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the King |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **prove** | past | a unsigned letter |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | past | the Knave | mischief |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mischief=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The band is still unsigned but plays every weekend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:x4:1
# text = The band is still unsigned but plays every weekend.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	plays	play	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	weekend	weekend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the band |  |  |  | still | unsigned *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | present | the band *not said here* |  |  |  | weekend |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An unsigned number cannot be negative.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:x5:1
# text = An unsigned number cannot be negative.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unsigned	unsigned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	negative	negative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | can | a unsigned number |  |  |  |  | negative *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't sign up for anything online without asking an adult.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:unsigned:x6:1
# text = Don't sign up for anything online without asking an adult.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	sign	sign	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obl	_	_
7	online	online	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
8	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sign up** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for anything; online *property* | vn volunteer-95.4-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent for anything=Theme |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | you *not said here* |  | a adult |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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