---
title: upgrade — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «upgrade» in the school dictionary: To upgrade something means to make it better, newer or more powerful, like upgrading a computer or a phone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# upgrade

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** upgrade, change, Dad, laptop, you, We · **What happens:** upgrade, mean, make, be, move, raise · **To what, where:** something, it, computer, better version, upgrade, plane · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«upgrade» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [upgrade in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/upgrade.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To upgrade something means to make it better, newer or more powerful, like upgrading a computer or a phone.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:m1:1
# text = To upgrade something means to make it better, newer or more powerful, like upgrading a computer or a phone.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	upgrade	upgrade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	newer	new	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	upgrading	upgrade	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | good, new *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 4 | **upgrade** | gerund |  | a computer or a phone |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent computer=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An upgrade is a better or newer version, or the change that makes it better.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:m2:1
# text = An upgrade is a better or newer version, or the change that makes it better.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	upgrade	upgrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	newer	new	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	conj	_	_
8	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a upgrade | a better version or the change |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | the change | upgrade |  |  |  | good *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be upgraded on a plane or in a hotel means to be moved to a better seat or room.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:m3:1
# text = To be upgraded on a plane or in a hotel means to be moved to a better seat or room.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	upgraded	upgrade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	ccomp	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	18	amod	_	_
18	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  | a plane or a hotel |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP» |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  | a better seat or room |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: to seat=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To upgrade a storm or warning means to raise its level.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:m4:1
# text = To upgrade a storm or warning means to raise its level.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	upgrade	upgrade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | to-infinitive |  | a storm or warning |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent storm=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **raise** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | warning's level |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent level=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad upgraded the laptop so it runs faster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x1:1
# text = Dad upgraded the laptop so it runs faster.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	upgraded	upgrade	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	laptop	laptop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | past | Dad | the laptop |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laptop=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | present | laptop |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, you can upgrade your sword with gold coins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x2:1
# text = In the game, you can upgrade your sword with gold coins.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	upgrade	upgrade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | can | you | your sword |  | the game |  | with gold coins | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We got a free upgrade to a bigger hotel room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x3:1
# text = We got a free upgrade to a bigger hotel room.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	upgrade	upgrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	amod	_	_
9	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | We | a free upgrade |  |  |  | to a bigger hotel room | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer upgrade=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm was upgraded to a hurricane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x4:1
# text = The storm was upgraded to a hurricane.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	upgraded	upgrade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hurricane	hurricane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | past · passive |  | the storm |  |  |  | to a hurricane | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme to hurricane=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school is upgrading the playground with new climbing frames.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x5:1
# text = The school is upgrading the playground with new climbing frames.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	upgrading	upgrade	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	climbing	climbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	frames	frame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **upgrade** | present · progressive | the school | the playground |  |  |  | with new climbing frames | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent playground=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new phone is a big upgrade on my old one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x6:1
# text = The new phone is a big upgrade on my old one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	upgrade	upgrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the new phone | a big upgrade |  |  |  | on my old one | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The upgrade cost £50.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:upgrade:x7:1
# text = The upgrade cost £50.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	upgrade	upgrade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	£	£	SYM	$	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | the upgrade |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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