---
title: utc — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «utc» in the school dictionary: UTC stands for Coordinated Universal Time, the main world time standard that clocks and computers use; time zones are given as UTC plus or minus some hours. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# utc

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** UTC, clocks, pupils, New York, Sydney, Pilots · **What happens:** stand, coordinate, use, give, be, age · **To what, where:** main time standard, time zones, Technical College, 14, five hours, UTC

<!-- .vabout -->
«utc» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [utc in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/utc.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
UTC stands for Coordinated Universal Time, the main world time standard that clocks and computers use; time zones are given as UTC plus or minus some hours.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:m1:1
# text = UTC stands for Coordinated Universal Time, the main world time standard that clocks and computers use; time zones are given as UTC plus or minus some hours.
1	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	Coordinated	coordinate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
5	Universal	Universal	PROPN	NNP	_	6	flat	_	_
6	Time	Time	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	standard	standard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
14	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	computers	computer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	zones	zone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
25	plus	plus	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	minus	minus	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	conj	_	_
28	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	29	det	_	_
29	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | UTC |  |  |  | for Coordinated Universal Time |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for time=Attribute |
| 2 | **coordinate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | present | clocks and computers | the main time standard |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |
| 4 | **give** | present · passive |  | time zones |  |  |  | as UTC and some hours | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter UTC is the same as the time in London (Greenwich Mean Time, GMT).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:m2:1
# text = In winter UTC is the same as the time in London (Greenwich Mean Time, GMT).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Greenwich	Greenwich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
14	Mean	Mean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Time	Time	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	GMT	GMT	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | UTC |  |  |  | time; winter | same *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A UTC is also a University Technical College, a kind of school for pupils aged 14 to 19 focusing on science and engineering.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:m3:1
# text = A UTC is also a University Technical College, a kind of school for pupils aged 14 to 19 focusing on science and engineering.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	University	University	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Technical	Technical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	College	College	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
16	aged	age	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	acl	_	_
17	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	obj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	19	19	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nmod	_	_
20	focusing	focus	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	engineering	engineering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a UTC | a Technical College |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **age** | participle | pupils *not said here* | 14 |  |  |  | to 19 | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent 14=Patient |
| 3 | **focus** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | on science and engineering | vn focus-87.1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on science=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New York is five hours behind UTC in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x1:1
# text = New York is five hours behind UTC in winter.
1	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
2	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | New York | five hours |  | UTC | winter |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sydney is ahead of UTC.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x2:1
# text = Sydney is ahead of UTC.
1	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Sydney |  |  |  |  | of UTC; ahead *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pilots always use UTC so there is no mix-up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x3:1
# text = Pilots always use UTC so there is no mix-up.
1	Pilots	pilot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
9	mix	mix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Pilots | UTC |  |  |  | always *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent utc=Patient |
| 2 | **be** | present | no mix up |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rocket launch time was given in UTC.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x4:1
# text = The rocket launch time was given in UTC.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	launch	launch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · passive |  | the launch time |  | UTC |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If it is noon UTC and you live in UTC+2, it is two o'clock where you are.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x5:1
# text = If it is noon UTC and you live in UTC+2, it is two o'clock where you are.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	noon	noon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	advcl	_	_
5	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	12	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	o'clock	o'clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
18	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	nmod	_	_
19	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | it | noon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | you |  |  | UTC |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in utc=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | present | it | two o'clock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | you |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My computer shows the time zone as UTC+1.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x6:1
# text = My computer shows the time zone as UTC+1.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	zone	zone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	+1	+1	NUM	CD	ExtPos=PROPN|NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | My computer | the time zone |  |  |  | as UTC | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent zone=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter, London time is the same as UTC.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x7:1
# text = In winter, London time is the same as UTC.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | London time |  |  |  | winter | as UTC; same *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother goes to a UTC to study engineering.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:utc:x8:1
# text = My brother goes to a UTC to study engineering.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	UTC	UTC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	study	study	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	engineering	engineering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | My brother |  |  | a UTC |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to utc=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **study** | to-infinitive | My brother *not said here* | engineering |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engineering=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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