---
title: uv — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «uv» in the school dictionary: UV stands for ultraviolet, a kind of light from the Sun that our eyes cannot see. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# uv

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** UV, eyes, UV rays, UV index, number, old dialect spelling · **What happens:** stand, not see, burn, hurt, be, tell · **To what, where:** kind, skin, eyes, number, way, hat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«uv» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [uv in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/uv.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
UV stands for ultraviolet, a kind of light from the Sun that our eyes cannot see.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:m1:1
# text = UV stands for ultraviolet, a kind of light from the Sun that our eyes cannot see.
1	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	ultraviolet	ultraviolet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obj	_	_
14	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
16	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | UV |  |  |  |  | for ultraviolet | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for ultraviolet=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **see** | can | our eyes | a kind of light from the Sun |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
UV rays can burn skin and hurt eyes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:m2:1
# text = UV rays can burn skin and hurt eyes.
1	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | can | UV rays | skin |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |
| 2 | **hurt** | past | UV rays *not said here* | eyes |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eye=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The UV index is a number that tells how strong the Sun's UV is on a given day.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:m3:1
# text = The UV index is a number that tells how strong the Sun's UV is on a given day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	index	index	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
10	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the UV index | a number |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | a number |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | the Sun's UV |  |  |  | on a given day |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old dialect spelling, "uv" is a way of writing "of".

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:m4:1
# text = In old dialect spelling, "uv" is a way of writing "of".
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	dialect	dialect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	uv	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | old dialect spelling | a way |  |  |  | of writing | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
UV rays from the Sun can burn your skin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x1:1
# text = UV rays from the Sun can burn your skin.
1	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | can | UV rays from the Sun | your skin |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The UV index is high today, so wear a hat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x2:1
# text = The UV index is high today, so wear a hat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	index	index	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the UV index |  |  |  | today | high *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | infinitive |  | a hat |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunglasses with UV protection keep your eyes safe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x3:1
# text = Sunglasses with UV protection keep your eyes safe.
1	Sunglasses	sunglasses	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | infinitive | Sunglasses with UV protection | your eyes |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can't see UV light, but it's there.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x4:1
# text = You can't see UV light, but it's there.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | can | You | UV light |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer light=Stimulus |
| 2 | **be** | present | light |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
UV can burn you even on a cloudy day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x5:1
# text = UV can burn you even on a cloudy day.
1	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | can | UV | you |  |  | day |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunscreen blocks UV rays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x6:1
# text = Sunscreen blocks UV rays.
1	Sunscreen	sunscreen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	blocks	block	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **block** | present | Sunscreen | UV rays |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer ray=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The UV is strongest at midday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x7:1
# text = The UV is strongest at midday.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	midday	midday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the UV |  |  | midday |  | strong *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some insects, like bees, can see UV light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:uv:x8:1
# text = Some insects, like bees, can see UV light.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | can | some insects and bees | UV light |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer light=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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