---
title: vale — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «vale» in the school dictionary: A vale is a valley, a low green piece of land between hills. It is a poetic and old-fashioned word. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/vale/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [V](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/) / vale

# vale

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** vale, Birds, village, shepherd · **What happens:** be, sing, lie, lead down · **To what, where:** valley, poetic word, vale, green vale, sheep

<!-- .vabout -->
«vale» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [vale in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/vale.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A vale is a valley, a low green piece of land between hills. It is a poetic and old-fashioned word.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A vale is a valley, a low green piece of land between hills.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vale:m1:1
# text = A vale is a valley, a low green piece of land between hills.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vale	vale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	between	between	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a vale | a valley |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It is a poetic and old-fashioned word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vale:m1:2
# text = It is a poetic and old-fashioned word.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	poetic	poetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | vale | a poetic word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds sang all morning in the vale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vale:x1:1
# text = Birds sang all morning in the vale.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	vale	vale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | Birds |  |  | the vale | morning |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in vale=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The village lay in a green vale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vale:x2:1
# text = The village lay in a green vale.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	vale	vale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the village |  |  | a green vale |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in vale=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shepherd led his sheep down into the vale.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:vale:x3:1
# text = The shepherd led his sheep down into the vale.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	vale	vale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead down** | past | the shepherd | shepherd's sheep |  | the vale |  | down *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme into vale=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [vainly](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/vainly/)
- next →: [valediction](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/valediction/)
- ↑ back to [V in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/)