---
title: valid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «valid» in the school dictionary: Valid means officially acceptable and able to be used, for example because it has not run out: «a valid ticket», «a valid passport». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# valid

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Valid, valid test, bus ticket, Your, That, passport · **What happens:** mean, use, not run out, base, follow, be · **To what, where:** example, good reasons, rules, maths, valid point, valid excuse

<!-- .vabout -->
«valid» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [valid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/valid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Valid means officially acceptable and able to be used, for example because it has not run out: «a valid ticket», «a valid passport».

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:m1:1
# text = Valid means officially acceptable and able to be used, for example because it has not run out: «a valid ticket», «a valid passport».
1	Valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	passport	passport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Valid |  |  |  |  | acceptable *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **use** | to-infinitive · passive | Valid *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for example | vn eat-39.1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **not** **run out** | present · perfect · passive |  | example |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Valid means sensible and based on good reasons: «a valid point», «a valid excuse».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:m2:1
# text = Valid means sensible and based on good reasons: «a valid point», «a valid excuse».
1	Valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sensible	sensible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	excuse	excuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Valid |  |  |  |  | sensible *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **base** | participle | Valid *not said here* |  |  | good reasons |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on reason=Source |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths and science a valid test or answer follows the rules correctly: «a valid conclusion».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:m3:1
# text = In maths and science a valid test or answer follows the rules correctly: «a valid conclusion».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	correctly	correctly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | a valid test or answer | the rules |  | maths and science |  | correctly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your bus ticket is valid for one day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x1:1
# text = Your bus ticket is valid for one day.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Your bus ticket |  |  |  | day | valid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **ticket** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom ticket «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That's a valid point.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x2:1
# text = That's a valid point.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | That | a valid point |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is my passport still valid?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x3:1
# text = Is my passport still valid?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	passport	passport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | my passport |  |  |  | still | valid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forgetting isn't a valid excuse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x4:1
# text = Forgetting isn't a valid excuse.
1	Forgetting	forgetting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	excuse	excuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | Forgetting | a valid excuse |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make the test valid, change only one thing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x5:1
# text = To make the test valid, change only one thing.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	change	change	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the test |  |  |  | valid *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset test=Product |
| 2 | **change** | imperative | you *not said here* | one thing |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coupon is no longer valid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x6:1
# text = The coupon is no longer valid.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coupon	coupon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	no	no	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the coupon |  |  |  |  | long, valid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check your answer is valid in the problem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valid:x7:1
# text = Check your answer is valid in the problem.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	valid	valid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	ccomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | your answer |  |  | the problem |  | valid *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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