---
title: valve — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «valve» in the school dictionary: A valve is a part that opens and closes to control how a liquid or gas flows through a pipe or tube. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# valve

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** valve, part, liquid, heart, valves, buttons · **What happens:** be, open, close, control, flow, have · **To what, where:** part, pipe, valves, body, one way, buttons

<!-- .vabout -->
«valve» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [valve in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/valve.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A valve is a part that opens and closes to control how a liquid or gas flows through a pipe or tube.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:m1:1
# text = A valve is a part that opens and closes to control how a liquid or gas flows through a pipe or tube.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	opens	open	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	closes	close	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	control	control	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
18	through	through	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a valve | a part |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **open** | present | a part |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **close** | present | a part *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **control** | to-infinitive | a part *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **flow** | present | a liquid or gas |  |  | a pipe or tube |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through pipe=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the body, the heart has valves that let blood flow only one way.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:m2:1
# text = In the body, the heart has valves that let blood flow only one way.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	valves	valve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	let	let	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	flow	flow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	only	only	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the heart | valves |  | the body |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valve=Patient |
| 2 | **let** | present | valves |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **flow** | infinitive | valves *not said here* | one way |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On some brass instruments like the trumpet, valves are buttons that change the note.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:m3:1
# text = On some brass instruments like the trumpet, valves are buttons that change the note.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
3	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	instruments	instrument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	trumpet	trumpet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	valves	valve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	buttons	button	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | valves | buttons |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | present | buttons | the note |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heart has four valves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:x1:1
# text = The heart has four valves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	valves	valve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the heart | four valves |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valve=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Push the pump onto the valve to blow up the ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:x2:1
# text = Push the pump onto the valve to blow up the ball.
1	Push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	blow	blow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pump |  | the valve |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pump=Theme onto valve=Destination |
| 2 | **blow up** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the ball |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent ball=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A valve stops the blood from going backwards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:x3:1
# text = A valve stops the blood from going backwards.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | a valve | the blood |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality blood=Eventuality |
| 2 | **go** | gerund | a valve *not said here* |  |  |  |  | backwards *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plumber closed the valve to turn off the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:x4:1
# text = The plumber closed the valve to turn off the water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plumber	plumber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | past | the plumber | the valve |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valve=Patient |
| 2 | **turn off** | to-infinitive | the plumber *not said here* | the water |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The trumpet has three valves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:x5:1
# text = The trumpet has three valves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trumpet	trumpet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	valves	valve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the trumpet | three valves |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent valve=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A safety valve lets out steam if the pressure gets too high.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:valve:x6:1
# text = A safety valve lets out steam if the pressure gets too high.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
11	too	too	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let out** | present | a safety valve | steam |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steam=Theme |
| 2 | **get** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | the pressure |  |  |  |  | high *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

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