---
title: variation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «variation» in the school dictionary: A change or difference in amount or level: variation in temperature. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# variation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** game, lot, We, you, tag, Temperature variation · **What happens:** vary, be, play, freeze, show, write · **To what, where:** variation, desert, recipe, ten variations, simple tune, re-introduction

<!-- .vabout -->
«variation» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [variation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/variation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A change or difference in amount or level: variation in temperature.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:m1:1
# text = A change or difference in amount or level: variation in temperature.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something slightly different from the usual form: a variation of a game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:m2:1
# text = Something slightly different from the usual form: a variation of a game.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	slightly	slightly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	amod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vary** |  | a game |  |  |  |  |  | nom variation «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The differences between living things of the same kind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:m3:1
# text = The differences between living things of the same kind.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	differences	difference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	between	between	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: music — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A new version of a tune.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:m4:1
# text = A new version of a tune.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tune	tune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a lot of variation in the heights of children in our class.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x1:1
# text = There is a lot of variation in the heights of children in our class.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	heights	height	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a lot of variation in the heights of children in our class |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played a variation of tag where you freeze.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x2:1
# text = We played a variation of tag where you freeze.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	tag	tag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	freeze	freeze	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We | a variation of tag |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent variation=Theme |
| 2 | **freeze** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **vary** |  | tag |  |  |  |  |  | nom variation «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Temperature variation between day and night is large in the desert.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x3:1
# text = Temperature variation between day and night is large in the desert.
1	Temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	between	between	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Temperature variation between day and night |  |  | the desert |  | large *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every snowflake shows variation in shape.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x4:1
# text = Every snowflake shows variation in shape.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	snowflake	snowflake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | every snowflake | variation |  |  |  | in shape | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent variation=Patient in shape=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This cake is a variation on Gran's recipe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x5:1
# text = This cake is a variation on Gran's recipe.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this cake | a variation |  | Gran's recipe |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The composer wrote ten variations on a simple tune.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x6:1
# text = The composer wrote ten variations on a simple tune.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	composer	composer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	variations	variation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tune	tune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the composer | ten variations |  | a simple tune |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent variation=Theme on tune=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We should be able to trace this re-introduction by the variation in titles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:variation:x7:1
# text = We should be able to trace this re-introduction by the variation in titles.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	trace	trace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	re-introduction	re-introduction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	variation	variation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	titles	title	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | should | We |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **trace** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | this re-introduction |  | titles |  | by the variation | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent re-introduction=Theme in title=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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