---
title: venom — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «venom» in the school dictionary: Venom is a poison that some animals, like snakes, spiders, scorpions and bees, put into a victim by biting or stinging. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/venom/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [V](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/) / venom

# venom

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Venom, that, someone, spiders, Doctors, sting · **What happens:** be, animal, put, bite, sting, mean · **To what, where:** poison, scorpions, victim, strong nasty anger, prey, venom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«venom» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [venom in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/venom.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Venom is a poison that some animals, like snakes, spiders, scorpions and bees, put into a victim by biting or stinging.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:m1:1
# text = Venom is a poison that some animals, like snakes, spiders, scorpions and bees, put into a victim by biting or stinging.
1	Venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	snakes	snake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	scorpions	scorpion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
19	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	victim	victim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	biting	bite	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	stinging	sting	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Venom | a poison and some animals and snakes and spiders and scorpions and bees |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **animal** |  | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **put** | participle |  | scorpions and bees *not said here* |  | a victim |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **bite** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **sting** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Venom can mean very strong, nasty anger or hate in what someone says.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:m2:1
# text = Venom can mean very strong, nasty anger or hate in what someone says.
1	Venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	nasty	nasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	hate	hate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nmod	_	_
13	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	nsubj	_	_
14	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Venom | strong nasty anger or hate in strong nasty anger or hate in strong nasty anger |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anger=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | someone |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The snake's venom can paralyse its prey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x1:1
# text = The snake's venom can paralyse its prey.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	paralyse	paralyse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paralyse** | can | the snake's venom | venom's prey |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some spiders have venom that is dangerous to people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x2:1
# text = Some spiders have venom that is dangerous to people.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | some spiders | venom |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent venom=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | venom |  |  |  |  | to people; dangerous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors gave him antivenom after the bite.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x3:1
# text = Doctors gave him antivenom after the bite.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	antivenom	antivenom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bite	bite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Doctors | antivenom | him *= he* |  | after the bite |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient antivenom=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bee's sting contains venom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x4:1
# text = A bee's sting contains venom.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | a bee's sting | venom |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot venom=Theme |
| 2 | **sting** |  | a bee |  |  |  |  |  | nom sting «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spoke with venom in her voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x5:1
# text = She spoke with venom in her voice.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | She |  |  | her voice |  | with venom | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with venom=Co-Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists study venom to make new medicines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x6:1
# text = Scientists study venom to make new medicines.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	study	study	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	medicines	medicine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | Scientists | venom |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent venom=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* | new medicines |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset medicine=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And a cloud of venom flew before him as he snorted and roared, so that it would have been death to stand before him.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:venom:x7:1
# text = And a cloud of venom flew before him as he snorted and roared, so that it would have been death to stand before him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	snorted	snort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	roared	roar	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
18	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	cop	_	_
21	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	acl	_	_
24	before	before	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | a cloud of venom |  |  |  | before him *= he* |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before he=Location |
| 2 | **snort** | past | cloud |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **roar** | past | cloud *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | would · perfect | venom | death |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **stand** | to-infinitive | a cloud of venom *not said here* |  |  |  | before cloud |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location |
| 6 | **cloud** |  |  | venom |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [venison](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/venison/)
- next →: [venomous](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/venomous/)
- ↑ back to [V in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/)